Optimasi Proses Ekstrusi Cassamore (Cassava Moringa) Berbahan Baku Singkong Sebagai Pakan Pengganti Jagung

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan optimasi suhu dan kadar air proses hydrothermal ekstrusi, serta menganalisa pengaruh ekstrusi terhadap karakteristik kimia pada bahan pakan Cassamore sebagai pakan pengganti jagung. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode response surface methodology melalui aplikasi statistik design expert 13 dengan faktor suhu ekstrusi 100, 110, 120 (ºC) dan kadar air 16, 18, 20 (%). Lalu dilakukan penelitian lanjut untuk sifat fisik dan kimia Cassamore dengan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa Cassamore berpotensi menggantikan jagung. Nilai water absorption index signifikan dengan nilai optimal terletak pada suhu 100 °C dan kadar air 20%, sedangkan nilai water solubility index tidak signifikan. Nilai kerapatan tumpukan, kerapatan pemadatan tumpukan, sudut tumpukan, berat jenis pada Cassamore setelah ekstrusi lebih kecil daripada Cassamore yang sebelum diekstrusi. Nilai kerapatan tumpukan dan kerapatan pemadatan tumpukan pada Cassamore dibawah jagung, sedangkan sudut tumpukan Cassamore diatas jagung. Nilai Berat jenis Cassamore sesudah diekstrusi dibawah jagung. Sifat kimia (abu, protein kasar, lemak kasar, serat kasar) mengalami penurunan setelah ekstrusi, sedangkan BETN meningkat setelah ekstrusi.

This study aimed to optimize the temperature and water content of the hydrothermal extrusion process, as well as analyze the effect of extrusion on the physical and chemical characteristics of Cassamore feed ingredients as a corn substitute feed. This research method used response surface methodology method through the statistical application design expert 13 with factors of extrusion temperature 100, 110, 120 (ºC) and water content 16, 18, 20 (%). Then further research is carried out for physical properties and chemistry Cassamore used a completely randomized design (CRD) which consisted of three treatments and four replications. The results showed that Cassamore has the potential to replace corn. The water absorption index value is significant with the optimal value located at 100 °C and 20% moisture content, while the water solubility index value is not significant. The values of bulk density, tapped density, angle of respose ST, BJ on Cassamore after being extruded were smaller than those of Cassamore before being extruded. The bulk density and tapped density values for Cassamore were below corn, while Cassamore's angle of respose was above corn. Cassamore's specific grafity value after extruding under corn. Chemical properties (Ash, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber) decreased after extrusion, NFE increased after extrusion.