Analisis Karakteristik Kualitas Air dan Korelasinya Terhadap Kinerja Produksi Udang Vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) di PT Biru Laut Nusantara, Pangandaran, Jawa Barat

Abstract

Pengelolaan kualitas air menjadi salah satu faktor keberhasilan dalam budidaya udang vaname. Pengelolaan kualitas air memegang peranan penting terhadap pertumbuhan dan ketahanan terhadap penyakit. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan melakukan pengamatan secara langsung di tambak udang vaname pada tambak pemeliharaan, tandon air, dan IPAL. Tambak pemeliharaan memiliki luasan 3025 m2 berbentuk persegi dengan konstruksi HDPE (High Density Polyethylene) dengan padat tebar 100 ekor/m2 . Parameter kualitas air yang diamati meliputi kecerahan, suhu, salinitas, pH, oksigen terlarut, kesadahan Ca, kesadahan Mg, total alkalinitas, amonia (NH3), nitrit (NO2), nitrat (NO3), Total Bakteri Count (TBC), Total Green Vibrio (TGV), Total Yellow Vibrio (TYV), Total Vibrio Count (TVC), dan Plankton. Parameter tersebut kemudian dikorelasikan dengan Survival Rate (SR), Average Daily Growth (ADG), dan Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) serta dilakukan clustering antar tambak berdasarkan kemiripan karakteristik parameter kualitas air. Penelitian dilakukan pada DOC 40 sampai DOC 82. Selama penelitian berlangsung dilakukan sampling setiap 7 hari sekali untung menentukan ADG, SR, serta FCR. Kualitas air berkorelasi terhadap parameter tersebut, namun hanya parameter amonia (NH3), Total Yellow Vibrio (TYV), dan Total Vibrio Count (TVC) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap ADG. Karakterstick kualitas air pada petak pemeliharaan KBU 5 sudah menyerupai kualitas air pada KPL 3 ketika memasuki masa pemeliharaan 40 hari

Water quality management is one of the success factors in vaname shrimp farming. Water quality management plays an important role in growth and disease resistance. This study was conducted by making direct observations in vaname shrimp ponds on the maintenance ponds, water reservoirs, and WWTP. The rearing pond has an area of 3025 m2 square with HDPE (High Density Polyethylene) construction with a stocking density of 100 fish/m2 . Water quality parameters observed included brightness, temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, Ca hardness, Mg hardness, total alkalinity, ammonia (NH3), nitrite (NO2), nitrate (NO3), Total Bacteria Count (TBC), Total Green Vibrio (TGV), Total Yellow Vibrio (TYV), Total Vibrio Count (TVC), and Plankton. These parameters were then correlated with Survival Rate (SR), Average Daily Growth (ADG), and Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) and clustering between ponds based on similar characteristics of water quality parameters. The study was conducted from DOC 40 to DOC 82. During the study, sampling was conducted every 7 days to determine ADG, SR, and FCR. Water quality was correlated with these parameters, but only ammonia (NH3), Total Yellow Vibrio (TYV), and Total Vibrio Count (TVC) had a significant effect on ADG. The character of water quality in KBU 5 rearing plots already resembled the water quality in KPL 3 when entering the 40-day rearing period