Analisis Fitokimia, Aktivitas Antioksidan, dan Inhibisi Kolagenase Ekstrak Daun Sirih Merah (Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav.) In Vitro

Abstract

Sirih merah (Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav.) merupakan tanaman dengan berbagai kandungan senyawa aktif. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan komponen fitokimia, aktivitas antioksidan, dan inhibisi kolagenase ekstrak etil asetat dan air daun sirih merah. Pengukuran kadar air dilakukan dengan metode pengeringan. Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan metode maserasi untuk pelarut etil asetat dan metode perebusan untuk pelarut air. Metode LC-MS digunakan dalam identifikasi senyawa aktif. Metode DPPH digunakan dalam uji antioksidan. Uji inhibisi kolagenase dilakukan dengan 1,10-Fenantrolin sebagai kontrol positif. Kadar air diperoleh sebesar 8.12 ± 0.63%. Nilai rendemen ekstrak etil asetat dan air berturut-turut sebesar 7.71 ± 0.35% dan 27.88 ± 0.59%. Senyawa dugaan dengan kelimpahan relatif terbesar pada kedua ekstrak yaitu Schisandrin B dan 2-(4-Allyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenoxy)-1-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-1-propanol. Nilai IC50 penghambatan DPPH pada ekstrak air sebesar 1098.99 ppm dan ekstrak etil asetat sebesar 1378.59 ppm. Persen inhibisi kolagenase ekstrak etil asetat dan air tidak berbeda nyata, yaitu berturut-turut sebesar 89.9% dan 89.09%.

Red betel (Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav.) is a plant with various active compounds. This study aimed to determine the phytochemical components, antioxidant activity, and inhibition of the collagenase extract of ethyl acetate and red coat leaf water. Measurement of moisture content is carried out by the drying method. Extraction is carried out by the maceration method for ethyl acetate solvents and boiling methods for water solvents. The LC-MS method is used in the identification of active compounds. The DPPH method is used in the antioxidant test. The collagenase inhibition test was performed with 1,10-Phenantrolin as a positive control. The moisture content obtained is 8.12 ± 0.63%. The yield values of ethyl acetate and water extracts were 7.71 ± 0.35% and 27.88 ± 0.59%, respectively. The suspected compounds with the greatest relative abundance in both extracts are Schisandrin B and 2-(4-Allyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenoxy)-1-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-1-propanol. The IC50 value of DPPH inhibition in aqueous extract is 1098.99 ppm and in ethyl acetate extract is 1378.59 ppm. The percentage of collagenase inhibition for ethyl acetate and water extracts is not significantly different, which is 89.9% and 89.09% respectively.