Uji Performansi Mesin Penggiling Tipe Ball Mill untuk Penghalusan Kristal Glukomanan Porang

Abstract

Luas kebun porang yang meningkat setiap tahunnya menyebabkan stok umbi porang melimpah. Perbedaan harga tepung glukomanan dengan umbi porang mendorong pentingnya upaya pengolahan. Dibutuhkan mesin pengolah umbi porang menjadi tepung glukomanan dengan performansi mesin yang baik. Mesin penggiling tipe ball mill merupakan mesin yang mampu menghaluskan kristal glukomanan mencapai >100 mesh. Mesin ball mill yang digunakan merupakan rancangan mesin baru produksi PT. Daud Teknik Maju Pratama. Tujuan penelitian dilakukan adalah menganalisis dan menentukan performansi mesin ball mill terhadap hasil penghalusan kristal glukomanan porang. Penelitian dilakukan di PT. Daud Teknik Maju Pratama pada Januari – Mei 2023 dengan bahan masing-masing 150 gram setiap perlakuan. Pengujian dilakukan dengan menggunakan dua faktor perlakuan, kecepatan putar (21,2 rpm dan 41,6 rpm) dan lama proses (0,5 jam, 1,0 jam, 1,5 jam, 2 jam). Pengujian dilakukan dengan tiga kali pengulangan. Data yang diuji meliputi kapasitas tampung, persentase pengecilan ukuran, susut tercecer, daya mesin, dan kualitas tepung. Hasil uji performansi menunjukkan kapasitas tampung optimum mesin ball mill sebesar 12,5 kg/batch. Nilai persentase pengecilan ukuran tertinggi (96,27%) dan susut tercecer terendah (3,73%) didapatkan pada perlakuan 21,2 rpm selama 0,5 jam proses. Perlakuan 41,6 rpm selama 2 jam proses menunjukkan hasil kualitas tepung yang terbaik yaitu kadar air 11,87% dan kehalusan 63,97% lolos mesh 100. Kebutuhan daya motor listrik pada 21,2 rpm dan 41,6 rpm sebesar 0,8063 kW dan 0,9101 kW. Kapasitas kerja penghalusan terbaik ditunjukkan pada perlakuan kecepatan putar 41,6 rpm yaitu sebesar 1,560 g/min.

The area of porang gardens which increases every year causes stocks of porang tubers to be abundant. The difference in the price of glucomannan flour and porang tubers encourages the importance of processing efforts. A machine to process porang tubers into glucomannan flour with good engine performance is needed. A ball mill type grinding machine is a machine capable of refining glucomannan crystals up to >100 mesh. The ball mill machine used is a new machine design produced by PT. Daud Teknik Maju Pratama. The purpose of the research was to analyze and determine the performance of a ball mill machine on the results of porang glucomannan crystal refining. Research conducted at PT. Daud Teknik Maju Pratama in January - May 2023 with 150 grams of each treatment. Tests were carried out using two treatment factors, rotational speed (21.2 rpm and 41.6 rpm) and processing time (0.5 hours, 1.0 hours, 1.5 hours, 2 hours). The test was carried out with three repetitions. The data tested included capacity, percentage of size reduction, lost losses, engine power, and flour quality. The performance test results show that the optimum capacity of the ball mill machine is 12.5 kg/batch. The highest percentage of size reduction value (96.27%) and the lowest scattered shrinkage (3.73%) were obtained at 21.2 rpm for 0.5 hours of processing. Treatment of 41.6 rpm for 2 hours of processing showed the best flour quality results, namely 11.87% moisture content and 63.97% fineness, passing 100 mesh. The power requirements of electric motors at 21.2 rpm and 41.6 rpm are 0.8063 kW and 0.9101 kW respectively. The best refining work capacity was shown in the treatment of 41.6 rpm rotational speed which was 1.560 g/min.