Efektivitas Terapi Stem Cell pada Infark Miokardium Ditinjau dari Nilai Ureum, Kreatinin dan Histopatologi Ginjal.

Abstract

Infark miokardium merupakan suatu kondisi terbentuknya nekrosis miokardium ditandai dengan penurunan cardiac output yang memicu terjadinya acute kidney injury. Terapi stem cell adalah metode yang dapat memperbaiki infark miokardium. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari efektivias terapi stem cell placenta tunggal maupun kombinasi kardiomiosit pada babi yang mengalami infark miokardium ditinjau dari nilai ureum, kreatinin dan histopatologi organ ginjal. Sebanyak 9 ekor babi di bagi menjadi tiga kelompok, yaitu tanpa terapi (K1), terapi stem cell placenta tunggal (K2), dan terapi kombinasi kokultur kardiomiosit (K3). Seluruh babi dilakukan ligasi arteri circumflexa coronary untuk mensimulasikan iskemia jantung dan setelah 1 jam ligasi dilakukan pemberian terapi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penurunan nilai ureum dan kreatinin pada K2 dan K3. Hasil histopatologi ditemukan kongesti atrofi glomerulus, dan nekrosis tubulus. Berdasarkan uji analysis of variance (ANOVA) menunjukkan ada perbedaaan yang nyata (p < 0,05). Disimpulkan bahwa pemberian terapi stem cell placenta maupun yang dikombinasi dengan kokultur kardiomiosit dapat menurunkan nilai ureum, kreatinin, dan memperbaiki jaringan ginjal secara histopatologi. Kata kunci: infark miokardium, ginjal, histopatologi, ureum, kreatinin, stem cell

ABSTRACT Myocardial infarction is a condition where myocardial necrosis develops which is characterized by a decrease in cardiac output that triggers acute kidney injury. Stem cell therapy is a method that can repair myocardial infarction. This study aims to study the effectiveness of placental stem cell therapy alone or in combination with cardiomyocytes in pigs with myocardial infarction in terms of urea, creatinine and histopathological values of the kidneys. A total of 9 pigs were divided into three groups, namely without therapy (K1), single placenta stem cell therapy (K2), and combined therapy with cardiomyocyte coculture (K3). All pigs underwent coronary circumflex artery ligation to simulate cardiac ischemia and after 1 hour of ligation, therapy was given. The results showed an decreased in urea and creatinine values in the K2 and K3 groups. Histopathological results were congestion, glomerular atrophy, and tubular necrosis. Based on the analysis of variance (ANOVA) test, it showed that there was a significant difference (p<0.05). It was concluded that administration of placental stem cell therapy or in combination with cardiomyocyte coculture can reduce urea, creatinine,and improve kidney tissue histopathologically. Keywords: myocardial infarction, kidney, histopathology, urea, creatinine, stem cell