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      Potensi Ekstrak Metanol, Etanol, dan Minyak Jintan Hitam (Nigella sativa) sebagai Inhibitor Asetilkolinesterase

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      Date
      2022-12-09
      Author
      Marfira, Nurul
      Sulistiyani
      Kurniatin, Popi Asri
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      Abstract
      Demensia adalah penyakit yang ditandai dengan kehilangan ataupun penurunan daya ingat yang dikaitkan dengan penurunan asetilkolin, neurotransmitter yang mempengaruhi kemampuan belajar dan memori. Obat yang beredar umumnya bekerja dengan menghambat asetilkolinesterase (AChE), enzim yang menghidrolisis asetilkolin. Jintan hitam (Nigella sativa), merupakan salah satu tanaman yang berpotensi sebagai antidemensia. Namun, kajian mengenai potensi ekstrak metanol, etanol, dan minyak jintan hitam in vitro sebagai antidemensia masih sedikit ditemukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji penghambatan AChE oleh ekstrak metanol, etanol, dan minyak jintan hitam in vitro sebagai antidemensia. Aktivitas enzim diukur dengan kit enzim AChE menggunakan metode spektrofotometri panjang gelombang 410 nm. Daya inhibisi ketiga sampel uji memiliki potensi yang sama baiknya dalam menghambat AChE pada konsentrasi 50 μg/mL. Besar penghambatannya berturut-turut adalah 49.24 ± 1.01% (metanol), 50.20 ± 7.84% (etanol) dan 48.47 ± 0.57% (minyak). Hasil ini setengah kali penghambatan dari kontrol positif (donepezil HCl) yang mencapai 97.68 ± 0.80%. Berdasarkan studi literatur senyawa aktif yang diduga berperan dalam penghambatan AChE adalah golongan monoterpenoid dan timokuinon. Kata kunci: asetilkolinesterase, demensia, jintan hitam, terpenoid, timokuinon
       
      Dementia is a disease characterized by loss or progressive decline in memory which associated with the decrease of acetylcholine, neurotransmitter that affects learning and memory. The current drugs work by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase (AChE), enzyme that hydrolyzes acetylcholine. Black seed (Nigella sativa), is a plant that has potency as antidementia. However, studies on methanol, ethanol, and oil extracts of black seed as antidementia are still few. Therefore, this research’s objective was to identify in vitro inhibitory activity of AChE by methanol, ethanol, and oil extracts of black seed as antidementia. The AChE activity was analyzed with enzymatic kit using spectrophotometry absorbancy at 410 nm. Inhibitory action of three extracts had equal potency to inhibit AChE at 50 μg/mL. Inhibitory action of the methanol, ethanol, and oil extracts were : 49.24 ± 1.01%, 50.20 ± 7.84%, and 48.47 ± 0.57%, respectively. This result was half of the positive control (donepezil HCl), which was 97.68 ± 0.80%. Based on literature reviews, the predicted active compounds which inhibited AChE were monoterpenoid and thymoquinone. Keywords: acetylcholinesterase, black seed, dementia, terpenoids, thymoquinone
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/115488
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      • UT - Biochemistry [1470]

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