Rantai Pasok Benih Bening Lobster untuk Pengembangan Budidaya Lobster di Provinsi Lampung

Abstract

Pengembangan budidaya lobster di Indonesia memerlukan informasi ketersediaan benih secara kontinu. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis mekanisme rantai pasok, efisiensi rantai pasok dan peluang risiko rantai pasok benih bening lobster di Provinsi Lampung. Penelitian dilakukan melalui wawancara dan pengisian kuisioner dengan metode snowball. Analisis data menggunakan margin pemasaran, farmer’s share, nilai tambah, dan metode failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa telah terbentuk rantai pasok benih yang melibatkan nelayan, pengepul kecil, dan pengepul besar. Pola aliran yang mengalir pada rantai pasok yaitu aliran produk yang mengalir dari hulu ke hilir, aliran harga yang mengalir dari hilir ke hulu, dan aliran informasi yang mengalir ke dua arah. Rantai pasok pada kegiatan usaha benih bening lobster berlangsung secara efisien melalui perhitungan marjin permasaran dan farmer’s share serta menguntungkan para pelaku rantai pasok melalui perhitungan nilai tambah. Peluang risiko yang memberikan dampak tertinggi berdasarkan analisis metode FMEA adalah ketersediaan benih hasil tangkapan.

The development of lobster culture in Indonesia requires information on the availability of puerulus. This research aims to analyze the mechanism, efficiency, and risk opportunities of the supply chain of puerulus in Lampung Province. The research was conducted through interviews and filling out questionnaires with the snowball method. Data analysis used marketing margin, added value, and failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) method. The research result showed that the supply chain of puerulus involves fishers, small collectors, and large collectors. The flow pattern in the supply chain is the product flow that flows from upstream to downstream, the price flow that flows from downstream to upstream, and the flow of information that flows from two directions. The supply chain in puerulus business activities takes place efficiently through the calculation of marketing margins and farmer's share and benefits the supply chain actors through the added value. The risk opportunity that has the highest impact on the analysis of the FMEA method is the availability of caught seeds.