Keberadaan Penyakit pada Pembesaran Lobster (Panulirus spp.) di Keramba Jaring Apung PT. Saibatin Perikanan Indonesia, Lampung

Abstract

Lobster merupakan anggota crustacea yang memiliki nilai ekonomis yang tinggi. Permintaan pasar ekspor pada negara Asia, Eropa, dan Amerika maupun lokal cukup tinggi dengan nilai jual yang mahal. Akan tetapi, terdapat kendala yang sering terjadi pada budidaya pembesaran lobster yaitu infeksi penyakit yang akan menyebabkan tingginya mortalitas Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menginvestigasi penyakit infeksi pada pembesaran lobster (Panulirus spp.) yang dipelihara di keramba jaring apung PT. Saibatin Perikanan Indonesia, Lampung. Metode penelitian ini meliputi pengambilan sampel dan koleksi sampel, gejala klinis, isolasi, identifikasi bakteri, deteksi Milky Hemolymph Disease of Spiny Lobster (MHD-SL) melalui analisis Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) dan histopatologi. Lokasi pengambilan sampel di PT. Saibatin Perikanan Indonesia, Lampung. Terdapat bakteri Vibrio parahaemolyticus dan Vibrio alginolyticus. Lima ekor lobster terinfeksi oleh MHD-SL yang ditandai dengan hemolimfa berwarna putih susu. Lima sampel lobster positif terinfeksi penyakit Milky Hemolymph Disease of Spiny Lobster (MHD-SL) melalui analisis PCR. Hasil pengamatan histopatologi terdapat perubahan mikroanatomi patologi pada jaringan hepatopankreas lobster menunjukkan bahwa adanya perubahan jaringan berupa enkapsulasi dan infiltrasi karena adanya infeksi Rickettsia-like bacteria (RLB).

Lobster is a member of crustaceans that has high economic value. Demand for export markets in Asian, European and American countries as well as locally is quite high with an expensive selling price. However, there are obstacles that often occur in lobster rearing cultivation, namely infectious diseases that will cause high mortality. The purpose of this study was to investigate infectious diseases in rearing lobster (Panulirus spp.) that were kept in floating net cages at PT. Saibatin Fisheries Indonesia, Lampung. This research method includes sampling and sample collection, clinical symptoms, isolation, identification of bacteria, detection of Milky Hemolymph Disease of Spiny Lobster (MHDSL) through Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) analysis and histopathology. The sampling location at PT. Saibatin Fisheries Indonesia, Lampung. There are bacteria Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio alginolyticus. Five lobsters were infected by MHD-SL which was characterized by milky white hemolymph. Five lobster samples were positively infected with Milky Hemolymph Disease of Spiny Lobster (MHD-SL) through PCR analysis. Histopathological observations showed pathological microanatomical changes in the lobster hepatopancreas tissue, indicating that the tissue changes in the form of encapsulation and infiltration were due to Rickettsia-like bacteria (RLB) infection.