Keberadaan Penyakit pada Pembesaran Lobster (Panulirus spp.) di Keramba Jaring Apung PT. Saibatin Perikanan Indonesia, Lampung
Abstract
Lobster merupakan anggota crustacea yang memiliki nilai ekonomis yang tinggi.
Permintaan pasar ekspor pada negara Asia, Eropa, dan Amerika maupun lokal cukup tinggi
dengan nilai jual yang mahal. Akan tetapi, terdapat kendala yang sering terjadi pada
budidaya pembesaran lobster yaitu infeksi penyakit yang akan menyebabkan tingginya
mortalitas Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menginvestigasi penyakit infeksi pada
pembesaran lobster (Panulirus spp.) yang dipelihara di keramba jaring apung PT. Saibatin
Perikanan Indonesia, Lampung. Metode penelitian ini meliputi pengambilan sampel dan
koleksi sampel, gejala klinis, isolasi, identifikasi bakteri, deteksi Milky Hemolymph
Disease of Spiny Lobster (MHD-SL) melalui analisis Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
dan histopatologi. Lokasi pengambilan sampel di PT. Saibatin Perikanan Indonesia,
Lampung. Terdapat bakteri Vibrio parahaemolyticus dan Vibrio alginolyticus. Lima ekor
lobster terinfeksi oleh MHD-SL yang ditandai dengan hemolimfa berwarna putih susu.
Lima sampel lobster positif terinfeksi penyakit Milky Hemolymph Disease of Spiny Lobster
(MHD-SL) melalui analisis PCR. Hasil pengamatan histopatologi terdapat perubahan
mikroanatomi patologi pada jaringan hepatopankreas lobster menunjukkan bahwa adanya
perubahan jaringan berupa enkapsulasi dan infiltrasi karena adanya infeksi Rickettsia-like
bacteria (RLB). Lobster is a member of crustaceans that has high economic value. Demand for
export markets in Asian, European and American countries as well as locally is quite high
with an expensive selling price. However, there are obstacles that often occur in lobster
rearing cultivation, namely infectious diseases that will cause high mortality. The purpose
of this study was to investigate infectious diseases in rearing lobster (Panulirus spp.) that
were kept in floating net cages at PT. Saibatin Fisheries Indonesia, Lampung. This research
method includes sampling and sample collection, clinical symptoms, isolation,
identification of bacteria, detection of Milky Hemolymph Disease of Spiny Lobster (MHDSL) through Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) analysis and histopathology. The sampling
location at PT. Saibatin Fisheries Indonesia, Lampung. There are bacteria Vibrio
parahaemolyticus and Vibrio alginolyticus. Five lobsters were infected by MHD-SL which
was characterized by milky white hemolymph. Five lobster samples were positively
infected with Milky Hemolymph Disease of Spiny Lobster (MHD-SL) through PCR
analysis. Histopathological observations showed pathological microanatomical changes in
the lobster hepatopancreas tissue, indicating that the tissue changes in the form of
encapsulation and infiltration were due to Rickettsia-like bacteria (RLB) infection.