Pertumbuhan, Produksi Benih dan Uji Mutu Fisiologi Benih Sorghum bicolor Varietas Samurai 1 pada Umur Panen Berbeda

Abstract

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Unit Pendidikan dan Penelitian Peternakan Jonggol, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Rancangan percobaan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 5 perlakuan yaitu P90, P95, P100, P105, P110 dan 5 ulangan. Peubah yang diamati dalam penelitian ini adalah tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, biomassa berat kering, berat kering daun, berat kering malai, berat kering batang, biomassa malai kering, rataan jumlah benih kering per malai, berat benih pipil kering, berat 1000 benih kering, produksi benih kering per ha dan viabilitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukan umur tanaman tidak mempengaruhi (P>0,05) tinggi tanaman,tetapi umur tanaman mempengaruhi (P<0,05) diameter batang berbeda nyata, berat kering tanaman, berat kering tanaman, biomassa kering malai, rataan jumlah benih kering, berat benih pipil kering, berat 1000 benih kering, produksi benih per ha dan viabilitas berbeda sangat nyata (P<0,01). Produksi benih tertinggi diperoleh pada perlakuan umur 110 hari yakni biomassa malai kering 3,01 kg, rataan jumlah benih kering 1874, berat benih pipil 47,2 g, berat 1000 benih yaitu 26 g, produksi benih per ha 8610,49 kg ha-1dan viabilitas 70,8%.

The study was conducted at the Jonggol Animal Husbandry Education and Research Unit, Bogor Agricultural University. The experimental design used was Randomized Block Design (RDB) with 5 treatments including P90, P95, P100, P105, P110 and 5 replications. The variables observed in this study were plant height, stem diameter, dry weight biomass, leaf dry weight, panicle dry weight, stem dry weight, dry panicle biomass, average number of dry seeds per panicle, dry seed weight of dry shells, weight of 1000 dry seeds, dry seed production per ha and viability. The results showed that plant height was not significantly influenced by harvest age, while thw harvest age affected stem diameter (P<0,05) and plant dry weight biomass, leaf dry weight, panicle dry weight, stem dry weight, panicle dry biomass, average number of dry seeds, seed shed weight. dry weight, 1000 dry seed weight, seed production per ha and viability were significantly different (P<0.01). The best performance of experimental plants including were dry panicle biomass 3.01 kg, the average number of dry seeds was 1874, the seed weight was 47.2 g, the weight of 1000 seeds was 26 g, seed production per ha was 8610.49 kg ha-1 and viability was 70, 8% were obtained from plantes harvested at 110 days.