Karakteristik Biokonversi Limbah Pangan Kampus IPB Darmaga Menggunakan Larva Black Soldier Fly (BSF)

Abstract

Manajemen limbah pangan di Kampus IPB perlu ditingkatkan dengan memanfaatkan larva Black Soldier Fly (BSF). Penelitian ini bertujuan memperoleh karakteristik biokonversi limbah pangan. Metode pada penelitian ini mencakup pengumpulan sampel limbah pangan, pengujian kadar air limbah pangan, pengukuran suhu dan kelembapan relatif insektarium, perhitungan karakteristik biokonversi, pengujian kadar lemak dan protein BSF, penentuan neraca massa larva BSF segar, serta pengujian mutu kompos. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata kadar air limbah pangan 60-67%, persen reduksi limbah sebesar 62-63%, waste reduction index (WRI) sebesar 4,4-4,5%/hari, fresh matter consumption rate (FMCR) sebesar 20-25 mg/larva/hari, dry matter consumption rate (DMCR) sebesar 13-16 mg/larva/hari, dry matter reduction (DMR) sebesar 61-66% dan efficiency of conversion of digested feed (ECD) sebesar 38-48%. Kadar protein dan lemak larva BSF yang dipanen pada hari ke-14 sebesar 32,5-36,4% dan 29,3-29,6%. Neraca massa larva segar hasil biokonversi dengan input berupa 0,5 gram telur BSF dan 1 kg limbah menghasilkan larva segar berumur 14 hari sebanyak 178-271 gram. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, larva BSF efektif mereduksi limbah pangan dan menghasilkan produk sampingan berupa kompos.

Improvement of food waste management in IPB University is needed by utilizing Black Soldier Fly Larvae (BSFL). This research aims to obtain the bioconversion characteristics of food waste. The research includes collecting food waste samples, testing the water content of food waste, and measuring the temperature and relative humidity of the insectarium. It also covers calculating bioconversion characteristics, testing BSF fat and protein content, determining the mass balance of fresh BSFL, and testing compost quality. The analysis results show that the average food waste water content was 60-67%, thr food waste reduction was 62-63%, the waste reduction index (WRI) 4.4-4.5%/day, and the fresh matter consumption rate (FMCR) 20-25 mg/larvae/day. It also indicates that dry matter consumption rate (DMCR) 13-16 mg/larvae/day, dry matter reduction (DMR) 61- 66%, and efficiency of conversion of digested feed (ECD) 38-48%. The protein and fat content of BSFL harvested on the 14th day were 32.5-36.4% and 29.3-29.6%. Mass balance of fresh larvae with 0.5 grams of BSF egg and 1 kg of waste produces 178-271 grams of fresh larvae. Based on this research, BSFL effectively reduces food waste and produces 14-days compost.