Evaluasi Tata Kelola Data Kepegawaian ASN Badan Informasi Geospasial Menggunakan COBIT 2019

Abstract

Pada akhir tahun 2018, Presiden menetapkan Peraturan Presiden (Perpres) Republik Indonesia Nomor 95 tahun 2018 tentang Sistem Pemerintahan Berbasis Elektronik (SPBE). SPBE merupakan salah satu contoh implementasi e-government dengan memanfaatkan teknologi informasi. Pembangunan SPBE di Indonesia telah menghabiskan biaya sekitar 12,7 triliun rupiah dalam rentang waktu 2014-2016. Pemborosan anggaran terjadi akibat terbangunnya silo-silo sistem yang tidak terintegrasi serta tidak memberikan dampak peningkatan kinerja dan kepuasan pelayanan publik. Pembangunan SPBE yang dilakukan di lingkungan Badan Informasi Geospasial (BIG) antara lain mengembangkan Sistem Informasi Sumber Daya Manusia (SISDM) pada tahun 2013 s.d 2019 dan tercatat menghabiskan dana investasi sebesar Rp 4,5 Milyar yang berfungsi untuk menyimpan data pegawai dan digunakan oleh aplikasi internal BIG yang membutuhkan transaksional data kepegawaian. SISDM saat ini memiliki lebih dari satu sumber penyimpanan untuk data kepegawaian yang sama. Kondisi ini menyebabkan terjadinya duplikasi data, inefisiensi kinerja, dan keterbatasan kemampuan interoperabilitas. Di sisi lain, pemerintah mengeluarkan Perpres Nomor 39 Tahun 2019 tentang Satu Data Indonesia dimana integrasi data kepegawaian secara nasional menjadi salah satu sasaran implementasi. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menilai kondisi tata kelola dan manajemen data kepegawaian di BIG saat ini sebagai persiapan proses integrasi data. Penilaian tata kelola dan manajemen data menggunakan kerangka kerja Control Objectives of Information and Related Technology (COBIT) 2019. COBIT 2019 memuat fokus area yang dibutuhkan, yaitu manajemen arsitektur dan manajemen data. Hasil penilaian proses Pengaturan dan Pemeliharaan Kerangka Tata Kelola (EDM01) dan proses managed enterprise architecture (APO03) saat ini, BIG berada di Level 2 dan belum melaksanakan aktivitas pada Level 3 secara keseluruhan. Hasil penilaian proses pengelolaan data (APO14), dari 16 (enam) aktivitas di Level 2, dalam pelaksanaannya sebagian besar BIG masih di Level 1. Rekomendasi diberikan berdasarkan hasil penilaian dan evaluasi yang telah dilakukan. Rekomendasi terkait proses Pengaturan dan Pemeliharaan Kerangka Tata Kelola (EDM01) antara lain penguatan kegiatan monitoring dan pengukuran kinerja tim audit dalam melaksanakan tugas dan tanggung jawabnya, penyusunan dokumen manajemen risiko, dokumen alur dan proses bisnis, serta menggalakkan sosialisasi secara berkelanjutan terhadap kebijakan tata kelola IT yang dimiliki oleh BIG kepada pihak-pihak terkait. Rekomendasi lainnya terkait proses managed enterprise architecture (APO03) antara lain perlu dilakukan evaluasi dan perbaruan berkala terhadap dokumen tata kelola IT yang ada, menambahkan log datetime pada setiap perubahan data yang dilakukan, menyusun klasifikasi referensi data sebagai acuan standar operasional manajemen data dan pendukung integrasi (interoperabilitas) data, Mengidentifikasi dan melakukan penyusunan pedoman baku terkait mekanisme peninjauan rencana strategis dan proses bisnis organisasi dengan mempertimbangkan kematangan dan kesenjangan arsitektur organisasi saat ini serta kendala yang dihadapi, dan menambahkan fungsi monitoring untuk memastikan implementasi sesuai perencanaan. Rekomendasi terkait proses pengelolaan data (APO14) antara lain melengkapi penyusunan dokumen alur dan proses bisnis untuk proses bisnis yang belum didokumentasikan, menambahkan penetapan alur proses bisnis penjaminan kualitas data kepegawaian, menyusun pedoman baku terkait proses manajemen metadata yang memuat keterkaitan antar data, serta menyusun backup plan, pengujian restore, dan pembersihan data. Rekomendasi tersebut diharapkan dapat menjadi masukan bagi BIG maupun instansi pemerintah lain yang mengalami permasalahan serupa. Pada akhirnya hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi salah satu upaya percepatan satu data kepegawaian ASN nasional serta menumbuhkembangkan inovasi pendukung lainnya.

At the end of 2018, The president of Indonesia has signed the Presidential Regulation Number 95/2018 about Sistem Pemerintahan Berbasis Elektronik (SPBE)/the electronic based government system. SPBE is one of the examples of e-government implementation by using information technolog. The implementation of technology utilization lead by values that are perceived. During 2014 - 2016 the SPBE development has spent approximately IDR 12,7 trillion. This improvidence caused by unintegrated systems, even though information technology, in line with its growth, plays a vital role in product distribution effectively and efficiently, and brought added values to stakeholders. SPBE development in Badan Informasi Geospasial / The Geospatial Information Agency (BIG) has started since the development of human resources information system (SISDM) 2013 - 2019. The development has spent IDR 4,5 billion as investment. Due to the recent development of regulation and organizational needs, the SISDM has to provide and fulfill the adapted employee data required by the organization. Over time data and information become increasingly important and a crucial. The employee data needed in daily business processes as reference for transactional data and have long term utility or sustain which is very important for organization. Data and information support operational tasks and decision making. The SISDM has more than one basis data to store similar data. This causes data duplication and inefficient performance. Recently, in our society, data has become the major factor, thus the data have to be valid and accurate. Common problems that are faced by organizations are duplicated, inaccurate, incomplete, invalid and unavailable data. Organizations are forced to overcome their challenges regarding inaccurate and incomplete data. On the other hand, by implementing the Presidential Regulation number 39/2019, the government calls for One Data Indonesia in which integrated human resources data in one of the goals. This study is conducted to measure human resources data management and data governance in BIG. Governance comes from Latin gubernare which means to lead. Governance is the activity of setting goals, accountability, and control in achieving goals. IT governance is very important and challenging. Data governance is a data-management function which involves process, policy, standard, accountability, framework to particular protection, data use, and correct data management. Data governance also involves a cross-functional framework to manage data as a strategic asset of organization. Thus, data governance supports accountability and correct decision making related to the data. If the data management owned by the company or government institution is good, then today and in the future a higher level of importance can be taken. Therefore, data governance formulates policy, standard, procedure, and obedience monitoring. Data governance measurement can use Control Objectives of Information and Related Technology (COBIT) framework. COBIT is a business framework which can give advantage to the organization which realize the importance internal control for information and management system. Implemented solution follows process order as an answer since there is lack of commitment and incorrect solution from top management. Top level management responsible for system design and operation for the effectiveness internal control. COBIT structure used as base in intifying necessary component in governance framework which focus on organizational process. COBIT framework is selected in institution process measurement and reference in formulating data management guidance. To evaluate IT service governance and management to provide recommendations for improvements by utilizing COBIT 2019. COBIT 2019 contains area focus that needed, architecture management and data management. Recommendation is based on measurement and evaluation results have been addressed. Recommendations related to the Governance Framework Arrangement and Maintenance (EDM01) process include strengthening the monitoring and measurement of the audit team's performance in carrying out their duties and responsibilities, compiling risk management documents, business flow documents and processes, and promoting continuous socialization of IT governance policies. Recommendations related to the managed enterprise architecture (APO03) process include the need for periodic evaluation and updating of existing IT governance documents, adding a datetime log for every data change made, compiling a data reference classification as a reference for operational standards of data management and integration support., Identifying and compiling standard guidelines related to the mechanism for reviewing the organization's strategic plans and adding a monitoring function to ensure implementation is according to plan. Recommendations related to the data management process (APO14) include completing the preparation of flow documents and business processes for business processes that have not been documented, adding the determination of the business process flow for the assurance of the quality, compiling standard guidelines related to the metadata management, and compiling backup plan, restore testing, and data cleaning. The recommendation is expected as in input for BIG as well as other government institutions which faced similar situations. In the end the result of this study is expected to be one of strategies in the national one data human resources acceleration and encourage other supporting innovations.