Perancangan Model Social Enterprise Ekowisata Perairan di Kawasan Waduk Jatigede Sumedang, Jawa Barat

Abstract

Terdapat beberapa tempat wisata di kawasan Waduk Jatigede yang sudah beroperasi, tetapi belum mencerminkan potensi dan realitas waduk, yaitu konsep wisata perairan. Hal tersebut menjadi peluang untuk dikembangkannya ekowisata perairan berbasis social enterprise sebagai upaya untuk mengatasi kegagalan pasar dan kegagalan pemerintah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang model social enterprise ekowisata perairan di kawasan Waduk Jatigede. Potensi ekowisata perairan dianalisis secara deskriptif, aspirasi pemangku kepentingan dianalisis menggunakan analisis SOAR (Strengths, Opportunities, Aspirations, Results) dan metode AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process), serta model social enterprise dirancang menggunakan panduan yang dimodifikasi dari Anderson (2020) dan model yang dipublikasikan oleh Lontoh (2021). Adapun sampel didapatkan dari lima responden yang memiliki wewenang dan pengetahuan terkait objek penelitian. Penelitian ini menghasilkan social impact investment social enterprise models. Model social enterprise tersebut dapat menyeimbangkan antara pelaksanaan misi sosial dan aktivitas bisnis ekowisata perairan di kawasan Waduk Jatigede. Temuan ini dapat dijadikan acuan dalam mengembangkan ekowisata perairan berbasis social enterprise di Indonesia.

Numerous tourist attractions in the surrounding Jatigede Reservoir area are already in operation, but it has not reflected their full potential as aquatic theme tourism. Moreover, it could become an opportunity to develop the social enterprise to overcome market failures and government failures. This research aims to design a social enterprise model of aquatic ecotourism in the Jatigede Reservoir area. First, the potential of aquatic ecotourism is analyzed descriptively. Then the stakeholder aspirations are analyzed using SOAR (Strengths, Opportunities, Aspirations, Results) analysis and AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) methods. Finally, the suitable social enterprise model is designed using the modified Anderson 2020 framework and a model published by Lontoh (2021). The sample was obtained from five respondents who had authority and knowledge related to the research object. This study resulted in the social impact investment social enterprise models. The social enterprise model can balance between the implementation of social missions and business activities of aquatic ecotourism in the Jatigede Reservoir area. Hopefully, this finding can be used as a reference in developing social enterprise-based aquatic ecotourism in Indonesia.