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      Performa Pertumbuhan Triploid dan Triploid Hibrid Ikan Patin pada Fase Benih

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      Date
      2022-03-17
      Author
      Mubarak, Aghni Lathifah
      Carman, Odang
      Sudrajat, Agus Oman
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      Abstract
      Ikan patin merupakan salah satu komoditas air tawar yang telah banyak dibudidayakan di Indonesia. Salah satu permasalahan dalam produksi ikan patin yaitu adanya inefisiensi, yaitu tingginya biaya operasional tidak sebanding dengan penerimaan yang diperoleh. Hal tersebut dikarenakan pertumbuhan ikan patin relatif lambat sehingga masa pemeliharaannya lama. Upaya untuk mengatasi hal tersebut dapat dilakukan dengan meningkatkan pertumbuhan ikan patin pada fase benih melalui poliploidisasi dan/-atau hibridisasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis performa pertumbuhan ikan patin triploid dan triploid hibrid pada fase benih. Ikan uji yang digunakan yaitu induk patin siam tetraploid, induk patin siam diploid dan induk patin jambal diploid berumur 3 tahun dengan bobot jantan rata-rata 3 kg dan betina rata-rata 4 kg. Proses pemijahan dilakukan dengan metode perangsangan pemijahan melalui injeksi hormon human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) dan sGnRH-a + anti dopamine (Ovaprim). Benih ikan berumur 7 hari ditebar pada wadah pemeliharaan berupa toples dengan volume 12 L yang diisi air 10 L dengan padat tebar 15 ekor/L. Analisis ploidi dilakukan dengan metode preparasi kromosom. Hasil pengujian selama 30 hari menunjukkan ikan patin triploid hibrid pada fase benih memiliki nilai laju pertumbuhan harian panjang dan bobot masing-masing 6,12 %/hari dan 19,30 %/hari, nilai rasio konversi pakan 1,76, dan tingkat kelangsungan hidup 99,77 % dengan jumlah kromosom 3n=84. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan triploid hibrid memiliki performa pertumbuhan yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan triploid normal.
       
      Pangasius sp. is a popular aquaculture commodity in Indonesia. One of the problems in Pangasius sp. production is inefficiency, that the high operational costs are not proportional to the revenue. This is because the maintenance period for Pangasius sp. is quite long because their growth is relatively slow. Efforts to overcome this can be done by increasing growth rate of Pangasius sp. in the seed phase through polyploidization and/-or hybridization. This study aimed to analyze the growth performance of triploid and triploid hybrids Pangasius sp. in the seed phase. The broodstock used were Pangasianodon hypophthalmus tetraploid, Pangasianodon hypophthalmus diploid, and Pangasius djambal diploid aged 3 years old with an average male weight of 3 kg and female weight of 4 kg. The fertilization process was carried out by the method of induced breeding through injection hormone human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and sGnRH-a + anti-dopamine (Ovaprim). Fish seeds aged 7 days were stocked in container with a volume of 12 L filled with 10 L of water with a stocking density of 15 seeds/L. The ploidy analysis was carried out by the chromosome preparation method. The results of the test for 30 days showed that triploid hybrid in the seed phase had a daily growth rate of length 6,12 %/day and weight 19,30 %/day, feed conversion ratio 1,76, and survival rate 99,77 % with the number of chromosomes 3n=84. These results indicate that triploid hybrid had better growth performance than normal triploids.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/111380
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      • UT - Aquaculture [2191]

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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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