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      Pemanfaatan Kulit Buah Kemiri Sunan Sebagai Katalis Heterogen Dalam Pembuatan Biodiesel Melalui Reaksi Transesterifikasi

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      Date
      2021
      Author
      Rahman, Asep Zaini
      Hartulistiyoso, Edy
      Aunillah, Asif
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      Abstract
      Penggunaan buah kemiri sunan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan biodiesel dapat menghasilkan limbah berupa kulit buah yang dapat mencemari lingkungan dan mengganggu estetika lingkungan. Kulit buah kemiri sunan tersebut berpotensi dimanfaatkan sebagai katalis heterogen dalam proses transesterifikasi pada produksi biodiesel. Katalis kalium oksida (K2O) yang terdapat pada kulit buah kemiri sunan dapat diaktivasi melalui proses kalsinasi, dengan berbagai suhu yaitu 650 oC, 800 oC dan 950 oC selama 4 jam. Proses pembuatan biodiesel dilakukan menggunakan hotplate dengan suhu 60 oC dengan perbandingan mol metanol 1:6 dengan waktu reaksi transesterifikasi selama 2 jam. Konsentrasi katalis yang digunakan yaitu 2%, 2,5% dan 3%. Hasil rendemen terbaik yaitu 82,67%. Selain rendemen, penelitian ini juga menganalisis viskositas, densitas, angka asam dan stabilitas oksidasi. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu rancangan acak lengkap faktorial dua faktor dan dianalisis dengan ANOVA (α=0,05) serta uji duncan. Penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa suhu kalsinasi dan konsentrasi katalis sangat mempengaruhi proses pembuatan biodiesel.
       
      The use of Kemiri Sunan as raw material for biodiesel production can produce waste in the form of fruit peel, which pollute the environment and can impair the aesthetics of the environment. The fruit peel of the Kemiri Sunan has the potential to act as a heterogeneous catalyst in the trans-esterification process in biodiesel production. The potassium oxide (K2O) catalyst contained in the fruit peel of the kemiri sunan can be activated by the calcination process at different temperatures, namely 650 oC, 800 oC and 950 oC for 4 hours. The process of producing biodiesel was carried out using a hot plate with a temperature of 60 oC with a mole ratio of 1:6 methanol with a trans-esterification reaction time of 2 hours. The concentration of the catalyst used was 2%, 2.5% and 3%. The best yield was 82.67%. In addition to the yield, the viscosity, density, acid number and oxidation stability were also analyzed in this study. The experimental design used in this study was a fully randomized two-factorial factorial design and was analyzed by ANOVA (α=0.05) and Duncan's test. From these investigations it can be concluded that the calcination temperature and catalyst concentration have a major influence on the production process of biodiesel.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/109595
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      • UT - Agricultural and Biosystem Engineering [3593]

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