Total Flavonoid, Total Fenolik dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Metanol Temulawak yang Dibudidayakan dengan Kombinasi Pupuk N,P, dan K

Abstract

Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorriza roxb.) dilaporkan mengandung senyawa fitokimia dan aktivitas antioksidan tinggi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengukur total flavonoid, total fenolik dan aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak temulawak yang dibudidaya dengan kombinasi pupuk NPK menggunakan metode DPPH dan ABTS. Sampel diekstraksi menggunakan maserasi bertingkat dan dievaporasi dengan vacuum evaporator. Kandungan total flavonoid tertinggi yaitu sampel dengan pupuk NPK sebesar 50±23,81 mg QE/bobot kering dan kandungan total fenolik tertinggi juga terdapat sampel dengan pupuk NPK sebesar 34,67±3,79 mg GAE/bobot kering. Uji antioksidan metode DPPH menunjukkan sampel dengan pupuk NK memiliki aktivitas antioksidan tertinggi sebesar 169,67±8,5 µmol TE/g bobot kering. Hasil berbeda pada metode ABTS pada sampel dengan pupuk NPK sebesar 261,67±29,69 µmol TE/g bobot kering. Pupuk NPK berpotensi sebagai pupuk terbaik untuk meningkatkan kandungan metabolit sekunder dan aktivitas antioksidan temulawak.

Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorriza roxb.) is reported to contain phytochemicals and high antioxidant activity. The purpose of this reasearch was to measure the flavonoid content, phenolic content, and the antioxidant activity of methanol extract of temulawak cultivated by using NPK fertizer combination. The samples were extracted with graded maceration and evaporated with vacuum evaporator. The extracts were subjected to total flavonoid, total phenolic, and antioxidant activity assays. The antioxidant activity was measured using the DPPH and ABTS methods. The highest total flavonoid content was sample from NPK fertilizer of 50±23,81 mg QE/dry weight, and the highest phenolic content was from NPK fertilizer of 34,67±3,79 mg GAE/dry weight. The antioxidant test using the DPPH method showed that the extract from NK fertilizer had the highest antioxidant activity of 169,67±8,5 µmol TE/dry weight. Different results were obtained in ABTS method, was found in extract with NPK fertilizer is 261,67±29,69 µmol TE/g dry weight. NPK fertilizer gave the best result for increase secondary metabolites and antioxidant activity of temulawak.