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      Deteksi Senyawa Fenol dalam Air Permukaan dengan Teknik Biosensor Kertas

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      Date
      2021
      Author
      Yurike, Fretty
      Iswantini, Dyah
      Purwaningsih, Henny
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      Abstract
      Keracunan fenol dapat mengakibatkan efek kesehatan pada paru-paru, ginjal, berbagai macam organ dan jaringan dan sistem kemih apabila melebihi nilai ambang batas yaitu sebesar 0,001 mg/L untuk perairan air tawar menurut Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Nomor 82 Tahun 2001. Fenol biasanya diukur dengan menggunakan metode konvensional yang memiliki banyak kekurangan seperti biaya analisis yang mahal, waktu pengukuran yang lama, memerlukan analis yang kompeten, dan perawatan instrumen yang rumit sehingga diperlukan suatu alat yang cepat, murah, mudah dan sensitif dalam mengukur tingkat konsentrasi pencemaran fenol di lingkungan perairan secara biosensor. Keuntungan menggunakan tirosinase yaitu memiliki spesifisitas tinggi, interaksi enzim-substrat dan laju pergantian biokatalis yang tinggi seperti produk aktivitas katalis yang baik. Penelitian dilakukan secara non-eksperimental (studi literatur) dari beberapa jurnal terindeks scopus dan eksperimental (di laboratorium) dengan membuat biosensor kertas berbasis tirosinase dalam menguji fenolik pada sampel air bersih dan air sungai. Pembuatan biosensor ini melalui tiga tahapan, yaitu pembuatan biosensor kertas, uji kinerja biosensor, serta melakukan pengukuran sampel nyata. Biosensor didasarkan pada metode elektrostatis multilapis (Layer by Layer), yang menyebabkan pengendapan lapisan kitosan dan polielektrolit alginat sehingga menghasilkan reaksi enzimatis yang terimobilisasi pada permukaan kertas, respon dihitung sebagai perubahan warna merah muda menjadi biru keunguan pada awal penambahan fenol. Sensor menunjukan tingkat stabilitas 60 hari 97% pada suhu kamar (25 °C) lalu aktivitas turun menjadi 92% setelah 60 hari. Biosensor kertas tirosinase menghasilkan fungsionalitas yang baik saat pengukuran sampel nyata.
       
      Phenol poisoning can result in health effects of lungs, kidneys, various organs and tissues, and urinary system if it exceeds the threshold value of 0.001 mg/L for freshwater according to the Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 82 of 2001. Measurement of phenol generally uses conventional methods but these methods have many shortcomings such as expensive analysis costs, long measurement times, require competent analysts, and complex instrument maintenance so that we need a tool that is fast, cheap, easy, and sensitive in measuring the level of phenol pollution concentrations in the aquatic environment. in biosensors. The advantage of using tyrosinase is that it has high specificity, enzyme-substrate interaction, and a high rate of biocatalyst turnover as a product of good catalyst activity. Thisresearch was conducted non-experimental (literature study) from several Scopus indexed journals and experimentally (in the laboratory) by making tyrosinase-based paper biosensors to test phenol in fresh water and river water samples. This biosensor was made through three stages, namely making paper biosensors, testing biosensor performance, and measuring real samples. Biosensors using the multi-layer electrostatic method (Layer by Layer) cause deposition of a layer of chitosan and polyelectrolyte alginate which results in an enzymatic reaction that is immobilized on the surface of the paper, the response is calculated as a change in color from pink to purplish-blue at the beginning of the addition of phenol. The sensor shows a 60-day stability rate of 97% at room temperature (25 ° C) then activity drops to 92% after 60 days. The paper tyrosinase biosensor provides good functionality when measuring realsamples.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/106927
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      • MT - Mathematics and Natural Science [4149]

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