Isolasi Komponen Bioaktif Flavonoid dari Tanaman Daun Dewa (Gynura pseudochina (Lour) DC)
Abstract
This research was including of isolation of flavonoid component from leaf and rhizoma of daun dewa plant, followed by bioassay test of larvae mortality of Artemia salina Leach and antikhamir to Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Extraction process of antocyanin flavonoid was done by maceration using HCl in MeOH solvent, whereas another flavonoid was done maceration too, but with two steps, first, using MeOH – H2O (9:1) and second, using MeOH – H2O (1:1). Filtrate obtained from these steps was collected together and dried using rotavapour. Extract that obtained from this process was partitied using n-hexan, chloroform, diethylether, ethylacetic and n-buthanol solvent, respectively. Its residue was soxhletated using petroleum ether and methanol. The existency of flavonoid was traced by phytochemical test, its bioavailabiolity was traced by toxicity test using A. salina Leach larvae (BSLT test) and antikhamir activity test to Saccharomyces cerevisiae with spectrometer UV-Vis and FTIR, GC-MS and HPLC. The result of phitochemical test of fresh leaf extract of daun dewa plant could not detect the anthocyanin flavonoid group. The result of BSLT test of leaf powder extract showed that buthanol fraction has the highest value of LC50 = 832.12297 ppm, in rhizoma powder extract, the ethylacetic showed the highest value of LC50 was 723.44205 ppm, but in those both extract did not show antikhamir activity to S. cerevisiae khamir. Separation of buthanol fraction was using TLC preparative with silica gel 60 F254 as a stationer phase and BAW as a mobile phase. It was resulted 7 fractions. Fraction 4 and 7 had LC50 value 7.80408 and 208.51563 ppm, respectively. The result of structure identification of fraction 4 and 7 with spectrometer UV-Vis and FTIR gave a clue that fraction 4 and 7 could be presumed contain of flavonoid group compound and these fractions had functional group such as OH, C=O ketone, C=C aromatic and C-O. The results of GC and HPLC showed fraction 4 and 7 obtained was not pure. From the result of HPLC analysis, the content of quercetine in fraction 4 was 2.7458 mg/g.