Teknik Perbanyakan dan Kekerabatan Genetik Pasak Bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack)

Abstract

Pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack) is a shrubs growing wildly in the forests of Southeast Asia and widely used throughout the region because of its medicinal properties. Uncontrolled harvesting of wild-grown trees has led to rapid decrease of natural populations, as well as causing a potential decrease in genetic diversity. The objectives of this research were 1). To get information about propagation technique of pasak bumi by seed and stem cutting and its suitable growing medium and 2). To estimate genetic relatedness of pasak bumi propagated by seed collected from Jambi using RAPD marker. Propagation by seed produced low germination percentage (14-34%) at different media. Seedling planted in pure carbonized rice husk medium produced the best growth variabel on vigority, primary root number, secondary root number, primary root length and secondary root length. Result from stem cutting showed that medium significantly improved secondary root length, while rooting percentage, primary root length and the number of root significantly was affected by Rootone F treatment. Genetic relatedness by RAPD marker showed that pasak bumi propagated by seed has high value of genetic diversity within population (He = 0,3076) and 78,57% all the loci tested were polimorphic, clustering analysis showed that the plant can be grouped into two group.