Pertumbuhan Bibit Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) Somatic Embriogenesis (SE) pada Beberapa Ukuran Panjang dan Kondisi Perakaran Planlet Serta Ukuran Polybag Pasca Aklimatisasi

Abstract

The research aims to study the growth of cocoa seedlings somatic embryogenesis (SE) with the conditions rooting and the length of the plantlets different in several sizes polybag. The experiments were conducted in the Village of Lamomea, District Konda, Konawe South, Southeast Sulawesi, for two months, from October to November 2011. The experiment was performed with randomized complete block design, two-factor treatment, three replications. Two experiments were conducted, the first experiment, the condition of the roots of plantlets comprising: rootless (A1), tap rooted (A2), and fibrous roots (A3), and the size of the polybag consisting of: 15 cm x 20 cm (P1), 20 cm x 25 cm (P2), and a 25 cm x 30 cm (P3). The second experiment, the length of the plantlets consists of: <20 cm (S1), 20–25 cm (S2), and >25 cm (S3) with polybag same size as in the first experiment. The results of the first experiment showed that stem diameter, number of leaves seeds, and the weight of biomass (fresh weight and dry weight of bud, fresh weight and root dry weight) seedlings originating from tap rooted plantlets and planted in polybags all sizes are better than the combination of other treatments , while the ratio of the dry weight of the bud /root seedlings are derived from fibrous rooted plantlets which planted in polybags all sizes are better than other treatment combinations. Results of the second experiment showed that the growth of seedlings (seedling height, stem diameter, leaf number, length and number of roots) as well as the weight of biomass (fresh weight and dry weight of bud, fresh weight and root dry weight), which originated from plantlets with a length > 25 cm and planted in polybags all sizes better than other treatment combinations. While the ratio of the dry weight of the bud /root seedlings produced by plantlets largest with a length of < 20 cm and 20–25 cm planted in polybags size 25 cm x 30 cm.