Activity of Bacillus cereus INT1c and Bacillus thuringiensis SGT3g AHL-Lactonase on Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae and Pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea Patogenicity Inhibition

Abstract

Quorum sensing (QS) is a mechanism of communication between bacterial cells mediated by autoinducer (AI) signal molecules and depend on density of bacterial cells. AI is a signal molecules that secreted, accumulated, reabsorbed, and recognized by bacteria to regulate the expressions of target genes. QS on Gram-negative bacteria use N-acyl homoserine lactone (AHL) AI types as signal molecules. The high level of AHL in the cell will be responded by activating cell regulatory protein. Regulatory proteins help the expression of pathogens genes. Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae and Pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea are phytopatogenic Gram-negative bacteria that perform quorum sensing using Nacyl homoserine lactone (AHL) signal to regulate expression of their patogenicity genes. X. oryzae pv. oryzae causes pustule disease on paddy (Oryzae sativa) and P. syringae pv. glycinea cause leaf blight disease on soybean (Glycine max). One of natural approaches to inactivate their quorum sensing mechanisms was by degrading the signal molecules using AHL-lactonase from Bacillus cereus INT1c and Bacillus thuringiensis SGT3g. This study was conducted to test the ability of B. cereus INT1c and B. thuringiensis SGT3g AHL lactonase activity in degrading AHL to inhibit X. oryzae pv. oryzae and P. syringae pv. glycinea patogenicity. AHL degradation activity had been confirmed in B. cereus INT1c and B. thuringiensis SGT3g using Chromobacterium violaceum as bioindicator with inhibition index 0.23 and 0.12, respectively. Inhibition test by using tobacco plants was used to determine which is the most effective to inhibit phytopatogen in vivo. B. cereus INT1c was more effective to inhibit X. oryzae pv. oryzae patogenicity (85.62%) whereas B. thuringiensis SGT3g was more effective to inhibit P. syringae pv. glycinea pathogenicity, it was up to 90.51%. The highest inhibition activity of B. cereus INT1c was showed in IRBB7 varieties (93.69%) and the lowest was in Kencana Bali varieties (65.65%) on the in vivo test on paddy. Whereas in vivo on soybean test showed that B. thuringiensis SGT3g inhibition activity in Anjasmara and Wilis varieties were not much different, it was 96% and 95,35%, respectively.