Uji Korelasi Konsentrasi Hara N, P, dan K Daun dengan Produksi Senyawa Bioaktif Kemuning (Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack) Akibat Aplikasi Pupuk Kandang Ayam

Abstract

Orange jessamine has long been known as one of the plant containing secondary metabolite that is beneficial to human health due to its role as medicine. It contains secondary metabolite that is beneficial to human health such as lowering blood cholesterol levels, anti-obesity, and has the antioxidant capacity. Nutrient content related to production of biomass and bioactive compounds of M. paniculata optimization can be determined with correlation of leaf N, P and K concentrations through leaf tissue analysis. Persumably, there were differences in the N, P and K concentration in different positions and ages of leaves with chicken manure application. This research aimed to determine the optimum rate of chicken manure for the production of biomass and bioactive compounds and leaf N, P and K concentrations at different position of the leaves. Another purpose of this study was to obtain the correlation between leaf N, P and K concentration with bioactive compounds due to the application of chicken manure. The experiment was conducted on March to November 2014, at IPB Organic Experimental Station at Cikarawang which geographically located between 6o30' - 6o45' South Latitude and 106o30'-106o45' East Longitude, at 250 m above sea level in Bogor, Indonesia. The study used randomize complete block design with chicken manure rates as treatment, i.e. 0, 2.5, 5 and 7.5 kg per plant. Chicken manure was given at 30 months after planting (MAP). Plants were harvested twice (34 and 38 MAP) by keeping the plant height 75 cm above the soil surface. The results showed that the optimum rate of chicken manure to produce maximum weight of fresh and dry leaves at 34 MAP was 3.1 kg and 6.5 kg per plant, respectively. The chicken manure applied was sufficient for leaf production at first harvest (34 MAP) but insufficient for the second harvest (38 MAP). N concentration at young leaves and mature leaves and different positions did not significantly correlated with biomass and metabolites production at 34 and 38 MAP (P>0.05). K concentration of leaves at different positions in the plant and leaf age positively correlated with leaf dry weight (P <0.01), but negatively correlated with total flavonoid content (P <0.01). P concentration was negatively correlated with dry weight of young leaves on the fifth position, or mature leaves from all positions. Leaf N concentration was categorized very low (2.00-2.19%), low (2.21-2.33%) and optimum (2.40-2.52%). Leaf P concentration was high (0.26-0.29%) to very high (0.30-0.35%), whereas leaf K concentration was categorized high (1.33-1.84%) and very high (3.55-4.10%). Mature leaves of the fifth position determinate the orange jessamine plant K requirements at 34 MAP.