Analisis Kerusakan dan Strategi Pencegahan Banjir Rob Akibat Perubahan Iklim di Jakarta Utara

Abstract

North Jakarta is an area that is vulnerable to climate change. One of the impacts of climate change that occurred in North Jakarta is a tidal flood caused by rising sea levels. North Jakarta is Jakarta area directly adjacent to the Java Sea. Location of North Jakarta that led to this area is very vulnerable to flooding due to sea level rise. Besides flooding that occurred rob exacerbated by conditions in North Jakarta which is under sea level and land subsidence. This research was conducted in three urban village prone to tidal flooding Penjaringan, Kamal Muara and Marunda. The purpose of this study are to estimate the index of vulnerability to climate change in North Jakarta, estimate the value of losses due to tidal flooding in North Jakarta, to analyze strategy and preventive cost caused by tidal flood, Analyze the factors that affect the preventive costs to protect against the tidal flood and to identify local goverment strategy. This study use five methods of analysis: (1) Livelihood Vulnerability Index (LVI), (2) environment damage assessment, (3) Averting Behaviour Method (ABM), (4) and multiple linear regression (5) AWOT. The result shows that the LVI of Penjaringan is 0,455, and this index is the highest LVI compared to another village. Total losses due to tidal flood that occurred in January 2014 was IDR. 137.026.419.716. The household do preventive measures against tidal flood with a variety of ways including moving goods, make levees, elevate the floor and add to the floor of the House. While the majority of the business unit performing preventative measures by way of making the levee and elevating the floor business units and public facilities the majority do precautions with elevated ground floor and move the stuff. The total cost of prevention at this research is IDR. 440.104.897.882. Factors affecting the magnitude of the costs of prevention for households affected by the inundation, high income, duration of the flood, and the level of education. The magnitude of the costs of the prevention business units affected business units of building area, height, distance to the sea, long effort and duration of inundation. As for the public facilities affected by the distance to the high seas, the water level, inundation duration, and frequency of floods. The strategy that became a top priority for tackling tidal flood in North Jakarta on this research is running a North Jakarta RTRW already listed on RTRW province of Jakarta.