Pengaruh Orientasi Kewirausahaan terhadap Kinerja UMKM Tahu di Kabupaten Bogor dengan Gaya Pengambilan Keputusan sebagai Variabel Moderator

Abstract

Entrepreneurship has become an important concern to develop socioeconomic growth of the country. The more developed a country, there are many educated people but there are also many unemployed. So that increasingly perceived the importance of entrepreneurship. Economic independence of a country, especially Indonesia can be built through entrepreneurship. Therefore, it can be said that entrepreneurship has an important role on the economy and labor conditions in Indonesia. Entrepreneurship concept can be applied to several sectors, such as Micro Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). SMEs provide a substantial contribution to Gross Domestic Product of Indonesia. SMEs contribute about 50 percent to national GDP, and every year tends to increase. SMEs sector has a considerable role for the overall economic development. However, in fact enhancement the competitiveness of SMEs often face constraints due to the small economies of scale and availability of limited resources. SMEs which are facing the obstacles is the tofu SMEs in Bogor Regency. The general trend which happen in business environment is shortening life cycle of products and business models. As a result, the profit which gotten is uncertain and business need to look for new opportunities. Entrepreneurship orientation is the process of a company to do the business (business strategy) and create a good performance. Based on the identification of business conditions or business carried on, tofu entrepreneur could get benefit from adopting or implementing entrepreneurship orientation. The purpose of this study are 1) to analyze the factors that influence the entrepreneurship orientation of tofu entrepreneur to improve the business performance 2) to analyze the dimensions of entrepreneurship orientation of tofu entrepreneur to improve business performance and 3) to analyze the effect of entrepreneurship orientation of tofu entrepreneur in Bogor Regency towards business performance with decision making style as moderator variable. This study was conducted in 14 districts of Bogor Regency based on the sampling frame from KOPTI Bogor Regency. Data which used in this study are primary data and secondary data. Primary data was obtained from interviews with administrators KOPTI and 100 tofu entrepreneur at each location using a list of questions (questionnaire) that has been provided. Secondary data were obtained by studying books and resources that are relevant to the topic under study from the Ministry of Cooperatives and SMEs, the Central Bureau of Statistics, and KOPTI Bogor Regency. Collection of secondary data obtained also from literature, obtained either in the library or from other places such as the results of previous research on the study of entrepreneurship, entrepreneurship orientation, as well as the performance of SMEs, both in the print media (tabloids and magazines), and electronic media (internet). The instrument which used in this study are questionnaire, electronic data storage and recording devices. The analysis used are descriptive and quantitative analysis Partial Least Square (PLS) with SmartPLS program. Results of this study indicate factors that influence entrepreneurship orientation of tofu entrepreneur in Bogor Regency consist of resources, business characteristics, the external environment, and the role of government. The factors that most influence of entrepreneurship orientation is resources. Factors that influence the entrepreneurial orientation next is the external environment, business characteristics and the last is the role of government. Levels of factors that influence the entrepreneurial orientation seen from the outer loading and research in the field. Entrepreneurship orientation of tofu entrepreneur in Bogor Regency are innovativness, proactive, risk-taking, competitive aggressiveness and autonomy. Based on field conditions and outer loading result that innovativness of tofu entrepreneur in Bogor Regency is the most visible. One of innovativness which done by tofu entrepreneur is products innovativness. Entrepreneurship orientation directly affects the performance of the business. Model influence of entrepreneurship orientation towards business performance using a variable decision making style as a moderator variable. Decision making style directly influence the entrepreneurship orientation and business performance. However, decision making style variable interacts with the entrepreneurship orientation negatively affect business performance.