Karakterisasi dan Uji Kekerabatan Aksesi Temu Hitam (Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb.)

Abstract

Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb. or black turmeric belongs to the family Zingiberaceae is one of the important medicinal plants widely in Southeast Asia, including in Indonesia. This plant has been used by the people especially as raw material for medicine and cosmetics industry, but the development of black turmeric is still constrained by the limited availability of germplasm collection and improved varieties. This aim of study determines the morphological characteristics and phylogenetic relationship among 10 accessions of black turmeric in Indonesia. Data collected for 7 morphological characters on black turmeric at the Experimental Garden Planted Sukamantri IPB by UPOV and BPPP descriptors. The result of principal component analysis has determined three main components with the proportion of diversity 83%. The results of the cluster analysis indicate that there are three cluster accession of black turmeric. Cluster 1 consists of accession 3, 7, 9, and 2; cluster 2 consist of accession 5, 10, and 4; cluster 3 consists of accession 6, 8, and 1.