Aplikasi Pemberian Bahan Organik terhadap Sifat Kimia dan Fisik Andisol Cisarua, Bogor

Abstract

Agriculture practices generally use chemical fertilizers. Application of chemical fertilizers continuously can degrade the soil quality and decrease crop production. The application of organic fertilizers is probably can reduce land degradation. The study was conducted from May 2013 to January 2014. Soil samples were collected from Tugu Selatan village, Cisarua, Bogor. The aims of the study was to investigate the effect of long term organic matter application on Andisol, included its effect on soil chemical and physical properties. The results showed that the 26 years application of organic matter have better effect on soil organic matter (SOM), cation exchange capacity (CEC), exchangeable bases, total N, total and available P in soils. The soil organic matter (SOM) increase from 2.82% to 5.10% with 26 year organic matter application. The CEC value increased up to 36.56 me/100g, while the exchangeable bases such as K+ increased from 0.47 me/100g to 2.11 me/100g and Na+ raised from 0.34 me/100g to 0.94 me/100g. Total N increased from 0.16% to 0.33% and 0.41% respectively on organic matter application for 8 and 26 years. Total P value was 8.04 me/100g increased to 15.90 me/100g, while available P increased from 11.85 ppm to 65.55 ppm within 26 years of organic matter application. Meanwhile, improvement of soil quality also showed by soil physical properties. Soil with long term organic matter application has a more granular soil structure, a darker color and also stable aggregates as shown by the SEM photographs.