Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Tingkat Kecukupan Energi dan Zat Gizi pada Anak Balita di Kabupaten Cianjur

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the factors that influence adequacy of energy and nutrients in children under five years. The study design used was a cross sectional study with a sample of 90 children. The results of this study showed that mother’s nutritional knowledge was classified as moderate. More than half children (52.2%) were stunted and severe stunted. Adequacy levels of energy and protein were classified as severe deficit. Adequacy levels of calcium, phosphorus, iron, vitamin A and vitamin C were relatively less. The results of Multivariate Test showed that adequacy levels of energy in children under five were influenced by child’s age and also interaction of family income and diarrhea duration. Adequacy of calcium and protein were influenced by child's age. The factors that affected adequacy of phosphorus was ARI duration and also interaction of child's age and ARI duration. Meanwhile, the adequacy of iron was influenced by child's age, interaction of mother’s nutritional knowledge and ARI duration, interaction of child's age and ARI duration, interaction of family income and diarrhea duration, and also interaction of diarrhea and ARI duration. There are no variables that significantly affected adequacy levels of vitamin A (p>0.05). Adequacy levels of vitamin C was influenced by interaction of child's age and diarrhea duration

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat kecukupan energi dan zat gizi anak balita. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross sectional study dengan sampel sebanyak 90 anak. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan gizi ibu tergolong sedang. Lebih dari separuh anak (52.2%) memiliki status gizi pendek dan sangat pendek. Tingkat kecukupan energi dan protein tergolong defisit berat. Tingkat kecukupan kalsium, fosfor, besi, vitamin A dan vitamin C tergolong kurang. Hasil uji multivariat menunjukkan tingkat kecukupan energi anak balita dipengaruhi oleh umur anak serta interaksi pendapatan keluarga dan lama diare. Kecukupan protein dan kalsium dipengaruhi oleh umur anak. Faktor yang mempengaruhi kecukupan fosfor adalah lama ISPA dan interaksi antara umur anak dan lama ISPA. Sementara itu, kecukupan besi dipengaruhi oleh umur anak, interaksi antara pengetahuan gizi ibu dan lama ISPA, interaksi umur anak dan lama ISPA, interaksi pendapatan keluarga dan lama diare, serta interaksi lama diare dan lama ISPA. Tidak ada variabel yang secara signifikan mempengaruhi tingkat kecukupan vitamin A balita (p>0.05). Tingkat kecukupan vitamin C dipengaruhi oleh interaksi antara umur balita dan lama diare