Analisis Ekonomi Dampak Alih Fungsi Lahan Pertanian Terhadap Ketahanan Pangan di Kabupaten Karawang Jawa Barat (Studi Kasus Desa Tanjungpura Kecamatan Karawang Barat)

Abstract

During 2002-2012, the number of converted land in Karawang has reached 10 027 ha. The result of this study showed that the pattern of land conversion in Karawang was triggered by the high number of population’s growth. The rate of land conversion in Karawang during 2002-2012 are fluctuated, with average point of -0.71%. The land institutional that was analyzed from Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah (RTRW) stated that Karawang will be converted into urban and industrial area based on Peraturan Daerah Undang-Undang No. 2 Year 2013. The factors that affect land conversion externally are the number on industries and the proportion between agricultural land to total area. The factors that affect land conversion internally are farm costs and the proportion between farm income to total income. The average number of farmer’s income after the land conversion was reduced by Rp.2 599 900. The impact to production was the loss of rice production in the past ten years, which is 130 547.02 tons, or Rp 344 054 232 300 worth. Based on prediction, the land area and the conversion impact to food security will cause 6 796 tons of rice shortage on 2026. If rice consumption per capita was reduced by 1.5% every year, then Karawang won’t be able to provide the needs of rice in 2031 with 6 438 tons shortage. The implication’s policy to overcome rice field conversion could be done from several aspects such as social aspect, economy aspects, and environment aspect. It could be done by implementing the land quota, compensate farmers, and agricultural intensification.