STUDI PERANAN ASAM AMINO ARGININ TEMPE PADA PENGENDALIAN GULA DARAH DAN KESEMBUHAN : LUKA PADA TIKUS DIABETES YANG DIINDUKSI STREPTOZOTOCIN (STZ)

Abstract

A diet called "diet G" has been recommended by Askandar (2002) in Indonesia to be consumed by patients with diabetic foot complication. The diet contains 20 percent protein high in arginine. Experience obtained by some nutritionists in Kutai Timur District (Eastern Borneo) showed that tempe gives a positive effect on healing process of diabetic foot patients, especially if tempe is used as a protein source of the diet. This can be seen by increasing dryness area of injured foot and decreasing suppuration on diabetic foot. It is hypothesized that arginine in tempe plays an important role on that healing process of diabetic foot. A research has been conducted to explore a novel application or usage of arginine of tempe in wound healing due to diabetes using rat as experimental animals. Diabetes was induced in male Sprague Dawley rats by intraperitoneal injection of 40 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ). Non diabetes rats were injected with equal volumes of phosphate buffersaline (PBS) at the same time as STZ injection. In the seven day after STZ administration, wounding (length 0.8 x 0.8 cm) was resected with scissors on the clipped dorsal skin of animals under ketamin-xylazin anesthesia. The curative effect was expressed as the percentile of wound area compared with that at day 0 (100%). The diabetic rats was divided into 3 groups, they are group receiving casein diet (contro/+STZ), arginine tempe 1.4% (Tempe1+STZ) and arginine tempe 1.6% (Tempe2+STZ). The non diabetic rats also divided into 3 groups, they were group receiving casein diet (control), arginine tempe 1.4% (Tempel) and arginine tempe 1.6% (Tempe 2). Compared with contro/+STZ, the Tempe1+STZ group (arginine tempe 1.4%) has the same speed level of healing, but control+STZ group could not decrease blood glucose level (428.67 ± 38.43 mg/dL in control+STZ group and 187.6 ± 46.3 mg/dL in Tempe2+STZ group). All groups receiving tempe had lower blood glucose level compared with diabetic rats receiving casein (p< 0.01) and not significantly different from non diabetic rats receiving tempe or casein. The speed of healing between diabetic and non diabetic group shows no significant difference, except in Tempe2+STZ (p < 0.05). Thus, it can be concluded that giving tempe with arginine 1.4% can give positive influence to the speed level of wound healing and to the decreasing of blood glucose level in rats.