Analisis perkembangan ekonomi wilayah untuk arahan pembangunan kecamatan di wilayah pesisir Kabupaten Garut

Abstract

Economy of coastal areas was less developed than other regions in Garut Regency. Development of districts in coastal areas should get priority to push economic growth in Garut Regency. Therefore, it is necessary to study characteristics of the region's economic potential and to formulate the direction of development. The aims of this research were: (1) to determine the level of regional economic growth in the coastal districts, (2) to determine the leading sectors of economic, (3) to determine hierarchy and efficiency of development and (4) to formulate direction of regional and economic development of coastal districts. The analytical methods used were Entropy Analysis, Location Quotient ( LQ) Analysis, Shift Share Analysis (SSA), schallogram Analysis, Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and the MCDM (Multi-Criteria Decision Making) Analysis using TOPSIS (Technique for Order Performance by Similarity to Ideal Solution) . The results of Entropy Analysis showed that level of diversity and balanced economic sectors in the district of coastal areas are still low. Rate of economic growth in coastal areas was 72% of its maximum capacity. This value was lower than the development of Garut district that has a value growth 81% of maximum capacity. Based on LQ and SSA Analyses, the basis of economic sectors of coastal areas in Garut regency mainly in the primary sectors of agriculture. Secondary sector was the fastest growing sector especially manufacturing sector and electricity, gas and water sector. Based on schallogram analysis, rural economic facilities development in 7 districts at coastal areas was still low. There were only 3 villages or approximately 4.6 % belongs to Hierarchy I as core areas and growth centers. 20 villages or 33.8 % belongs to Hierarchy II and 40 villages or 61.5 % belongs to Hierarchy III. DEA analysis showed that efficiency level of labour in districts of Bungbulang, Mekarmukti, Pakenjeng and Cikelet were not efficient to push GDP. Efficiency of landuse still low in Caringin and Cikelet district. The result of TOPSIS analysis showed that priority of development areas to push economic growth and equity directed to: Mekarmukti, Pakenjeng and Caringin districts. To improve rural economic growth, 25 villages directed to develop as growth economic centers and 40 vilages directed to develope as hinterland areas. Development of economic sectors is directed to: (1) agriculture, (2) manufacturing, (3) trade, hotels and restaurants, and (4) electricity, gas and water.in