Model pengembangan agribisnis jagung untuk mendukung ketahanan pangan berbasis gugus pulau di Kabupaten Maluku Barat Daya (MBD) Provinsi Maluku

Abstract

Food in the islands group (GP) has a central role, especially in small islands growing niche to be geographically isolated. Any problems associated with the low accessibility, subsistence, dependence and vulnerability of small islands to the changing seasons can cause serious problems for food security. Therefore, to ensure food security of the community, the farming of corn should be developed simultaneously throughouth all subsystems. This study aims to identify potential and constraints of corn agribusiness farm and analyze the feasibility of designing a model of cluster-based agribusiness of corn island.. The research was carried out in GP Babar and GP Terselatan MBD district. Data sources include primary and secondary data. Survey methods were conducted to collect primary data with stages starting from the selection of island groups, sub-district and village by purposive sampling. The selection of farmers was done using the stratified random sampling. Research results show that there are a number of potential and constraints. Among others potentials include: (1) Corn is a strategic comodoties, (2) total area and production can be increased, (3) Maize is a staple food, (4) Farmers are consistent in producing maize, (5) Institutions are strong farming. Constraints include: (1) Low maize production, (2) Low motivation of farmers, (3) Corn farming is subsistence, (4) Minimally of infrastucture (5) Drought and soil acidity. Results of farm analysis of farming in GP Babar showed that 81 farmers (68%) had a BCR> 1; 23 farmers (19%) with BCR <1 and 16 farmers (13%) BCR = 1. Whereas in the GP Terselatan 97 farmers (81%) had a BCR> 1; 20 farmers (17%) with BCR <1 and 3 farmers (2.5%) with BCR = 1. It shows that 68% - 81% of corn farmings in both GPs are profitable and feasible. The Biplot analysis results showed that farmers in GP Terselatan had more than enough food than Babar GP had. Babar GP had 27% of farmers with enough food and 73% of farmers lack of sufficient food. 65% of farmers in Terselatan GP had enough food and 35% lack enough food. The Generalized Linear Models analysis showed that the variables that affect food security significantly in GP Babar are: Production, Consumption, Family Member, interaction Production and Procesed Products, interaction Production and Consumption, interaction Consumption and Family Members interaction Production and Family Members; whereas in the GP Terselatan are: interaction Production and Dkisar, interaction Consumption and Dkisar, interaction Production dan Processed Products, interaction Production and Consumption, interaction Consumption and Family Member, interaction Family Members and Production, interaction Corn Price and DKisar, interaction Land and DKisar, Family Members. Traditional institutions such as: Sasi, Masohi, Lutur and food burn is local wisdom that is integrated with the Food Strategy through a combination of food sources varied and multi-cropping (polyculture).