Estimasi dan klasifikasi biomassa pada ekosistem transisi hutan dataran rendah di Provinsi Jambi

Abstract

The accurate information derived from high accuracy of remote sensing imagery analyses coupled with field observation data are required to develop a sound forest management. The study is mainly emphasized on assessment of the capabilities of remote sensing imageries to identify ecosystem types within the transitional ecosystem. Since, the predominant transition ecosystems found within the study area were secondary forest, jungle rubber, rubber plantation, oil palm plantation, and also other land cover such as mixed plantation and shrubs, therefore, the models developed were focused for those ecosystem types. Prior to any further analysis, this study was initiated to develop the biomass estimation model using 50 meter resolution of ALOS PALSAR image in transition ecosystem, Jambi Province. Biomass models were developed by analyzing the relationship between backscatter magnitude and field biomass. Backscatter magnitude from two polarization images, namely HH, HV, and ratio of HH/HV were analyzed simultaneously with field biomass. The best models established are AGB = 42069 exp (0.510 HV) and AGB = 1610 exp (-0.02 HV²) with R² of 52.3% and 50.8%, respectively. The models are then used to map out the biomass distribution within the transition ecosystem and to identify the factors affecting the magnitude of biomass content for each ecosystem types. The other aim of the study was to assess the dominant factors affecting the biomass classes in transition ecosystem. The result showed factors affecting biomass classes over transition ecosystem were human-induced and land cover index, and biophysical index. The proximity of biomass pool to the road and to village affected its condition and existence. Less accessible and more far from the road decreased the threat to biomass content. The closer distance to the village affected biomass as well. Biomass in transition ecosystem has probability to be well classed in three range of classes namely, low biomass content in a range of 0–50 ton/ha, middle biomass content in a range of 50- 150 ton/ha and high biomass content in range of above 150 ton/ha. Classed biomass was affected by the first principal component (PC1) where PC1 was the index affected by human activity related to biomass condition in transition ecosystem.