Keragaman Cendawan Endofit Asal Akar Tananam Kina

Abstract

Endophytic fungi usually grow intercellularly and intracellularly in the host tissue and generally do not sporulate. Some of endophytic fungi from the bark of cinchona tree (Cinchona pubescens, Rubiaceae) have been reported and been known to produce quinine. Yet, no report found on those root originated from Cinchona. This research was aimed at studying the morphotypes of 27 isolates of endophytic fungi derived from root of cinchona tree, grouped them on the bases of their morphotype, and observed their conidia. The morphotype was determined based on cultural characteristic after 7 days incubation on PDA, MEA, and LCA medium. The cultures which failed to sporulate were induced for sporulation. The endophytic fungi can be divided into 6 morphotype groups. Morphotype 1 consisted of Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium sp. 1, and Fusarium sp. 2. Morphotype 2 consisted of F. oxysporum, F. solani, Fusarium sp. 3, Verticillium sp. 1, and Verticillium sp. 2, while those of morphotype 3 was Curvularia lunata. Morphotype 4 included C. pallescens and Fusarium sp. 4. Phialophora sp. was placed into morphotype 5. One isolate of morphotype 6 did not sporulate.