Physico-chemical characteristics, somatic cell count and microbiological quality of Kaligesing goat milk in Cordero Farm

Abstract

Producers and consumers are both becoming increasingly interested in goat’s milk. Consumers are attracted by its high digestibility, low allergenicity and beneficial chemical composition, more similar to human than to cow’s milk. Producers are attracted by the hope of easier access to the market of goat than of cow’s milk, production of the latter being restricted by low productivity, as well as by the possibility of making luxury products sold at increased prices. Popular dairy goat inIndonesia is Ettawa Grade (PE), one of popular strain is Kaligesing. Research on goat milk quality in Indonesia especially Kaligesing goat milk is very limited. This research important for consideration in the preparation of goat milk quality standards in Indonesia. Lactation Kaligesing does were selected from herd in Cordero Farm to determine variations of milk somatic cell counts (SCC), physco-chemical properties and microbiological quality. Individual milk samples were collected daily from morning and evening milking. Milk samples were analyzed for SCC using a breed method and for physco-chemical characteristics using milk analyzer. The conventional bacteriological method for bacterial isolation and the indirect test (IPB-1 Test) for determining udder inflammation status were employed. Daily milk production increased after parturition (1-2 weeks in lactation) and then decreased gradually as lactation advanced.Goats reached their peak milk production (2.07±0.63 L/doe per day) in approximately 2 weeks after parturition. Milk from the herd had high fat, SNF and protein contents and it can be classified as premium quality. Fat, SNF, protein, lactose, density and freezing point of Kaligesing goat relatively constant from 2 weeks of lactation to the end of lactation. IPB-1 test reaction did not effect physco-chemical properties of goat milk (P>0.05), except for pH (IPB-1 test reaction Normal higher than IPB-1 test reaction +3). Over all, 36.36% of milk samples contained more than 1.0 x l06 SCC ml-1, the legal limit for Grade A goat milk or classified as standard quality. As much as 50.65% milk samples classified as premium quality which contained less than 7.0 x 105 SCC ml-1 and 12.99% of milk samples classified as good quality which contained 7.0 x 105-1.0 x 106 SCC ml-1. Milk samples which had IPB-1 reaction +2 and +3 exceeded the maximum limit of total plate count (TPC) and Staphylococcus aureus. Milk samples which had IPB-1 reaction neutral, trace and +1 on mastitis test can be classified as premium quality with TPC <5.0 x104 ml-1. Total number of coliform bacteria for milk samples, except for samples with mastitis which had IPB-1 reaction +3 on mastitis test did not exceed 103 ml-1, maximum limit of coliform contamination.