Studi Gerak dan Aplikasinya untuk Peningkatan Efektivitas dan Keselamatan Kerja Pemanenan Kelapa Sawit Secara Manual

Abstract

Oil palm harvesting activities may cause manual occupational safety and health problems. Motion study using natural range of motion (ROM) is needed to repair the process of harvesting so the movement can be more efficient and the fatigue can be reduced. Manual harvesting activities by using conventional tools named ‘dodos’ and ‘egrek’ were studied in this research. The aims of this research is to know the movement pattern and the risks distribution of the work motions, determine the level of the motion risks of harvesting procedure to minimize the risk. The result of ROM analysis show that the ergonomic risk occur in all of the upper body, such as the neck, shoulder and forearm. It is revealed that ‘dodos’ more effective than ‘egrek’ for 3 m bunches’s height and be optimum for 1 m bunches’s height. The good practice models for ‘egrek’ revealed that the ideal position of harvester is 30-45o relative from the position of the bunch and the formula for the distance is 𝑑=0.5 ℎ−𝑡 + 0.3, where d is the distance between harvester’s position and the tree, h is bunches’s height and t is the harvester’s height.