Adaptasi tanaman legume pakan terhadap cekaman kekeringan dan inokulasi mikoriza

Abstract

One of the major problems to ruminant production sustainable is forage availability. The problem is more influenced by the seasons, especially the dry season. Lack of soil water causes plants experiencing drought stress. To cope with drought stress, plants respond with physiological and biochemical changes. It’s causes plants undergo morphological and physiological disorders, and it will hampered their growth and productivity. Utilization of mycorrhizae may assist plants to overcome drought stress. The study was conducted to recognize adaptation mechanisms of legume inoculated with mycorrhiza on drought stress, investigate effect of mycorrhizal inoculation to leguminous adaptability to overcome drought stress, and to obtain forage legume species that adaptive and productive in drought condition. Ten tropical forage legumes species consisting of Leucaena leucocephala, Indigofera zollingeriana, Desmodium sp, Calopogonium mucunoides, Macroptilium bracteatum, Centrocema pascuorum, Pueraria javanica, Clitoria ternatea, Centrocema pubescen, and Stylosanthes seabrana) were tested in different drought condition (optimum watering, drought stress) as factor. The other factor was innoculation of mychorizal fungi (no mycorrhiza, with mycorrhiza), which expected to interact with the plants in reducing drought stress. Soil water content (swc), leaf water potential (lwp), leaf relative water content (lrwc), leaf proline, leaf water soluble carbohydrate (lwsc), and plant dry weight were observed. Drought stress decreased swc, lwp, lrwc and total dry weight. Drought stress also increased leaf proline and lwsc content, but lwsc was declined in Centrocema pascuorum. Mycorrhizal fungi inoculation effect was varied among legume species. Inoculation of mychorrizal fungi was increased leaf proline and lwsc content of all legume species. However, it was tended to decline proline content in tree legumes. Indigofera zollingeriana, Centrocema pascuorum and Clitoria ternatea were productive species that recommended for forage development in dry area.