The Influence of Squash mosaic comovirus infection on The Mosaic Disease Development on Five Varieties of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.).

Abstract

Squash mosaic comovirus (SqMV) is seed borne pathogens that infect many Cucurbitaceae crop, its presence has expanded in Indonesia. This research aims to 1) know the percentage of SqMV carried by seed on five varieties of cucumber are Jupiter, Venus, Japan File, Vario, and Calista, 2) determine the influence SqMV infection on the mosaic disease development, and 3) determine the effect of SqMV infection to the percentage of SqMV carried by the next generation seeds. Five varieties of cucumbers mechanically inoculated with SqMV then observed symptoms, incubation period, and the incidence of disease. Seed borne virus testing performed by the method of growing-on test. Virus detection used indirect ELISA method and DIBA. Based on testing of cucumber leave samples from Situgede, Bogor by using antisera Cucumber mosaic cucumovirus, Squash mosaic comovirus, Zucchini yellow mosaic potyvirus, Watermelon mosaic potyvirus, and Tobacco ring spot potyvirus known that SqMV is the only type of virus found with the highest titer reached 0.8155. Varieties Venus, Jupiter, Calista, and Vario which infected will show varied symptoms that is mosaic of green, yellow green mosaic, leaf bleaching bones, and malformations in fruit. Observations of disease severity and viral titers showed a pattern of mosaic disease development is decreased in the flowering stage and increased in the fruiting stage. In the vegetative stage, viral titers ranged from 1.3845 to 1.5603, viral titers of the flowering stage decreased, ranging from 0.8966 to 1.2780, and viral titers of the fruiting stage increased again, from 0.8849 to 1.4420. The Japan File gives a different response because the decrease in the severity of the disease continues to bear fruit since the flowering stage. Commercial seed (F1) which is widely used by farmers proved to bring SqMV achieve 100% efficiency and variety of Venus which infected by SqMV produce seed offspring (F2) which brings SqMV with efficiency reaches 60.87%.