Struktur Sekretori Beberapa Tanaman Obat Antikanker

Abstract

Cancer is disease caused by the growth of abnormal tissue cells. Indonesia has a lot of medicinal plants which is believed to have anticancer effects are used to treat cancer. Some anticancer plants commonly used are Physalis angulata, Kaempferia rotunda rhizomes, Gynura pseudochina, Typhonium flagelliforme, Isotoma longiflora, and Annona muricata. Anticancer medicinal plants containing secondary metabolites such as compounds of the alkaloid, flavonoids, and these terpenoids. Secretory structures in anticancer medicinal plants have not been widely studied. Thus, research on the structure of the anticancer medicinal plant secretory is necessary to be carried out. The objective of this research was to explore information about secretory structure from plant organ which is used to anticancer medicinal material. Observations of secretory structures were conducted by making microscopic preparations. The results showed that the leaves of A. muricata, I. longiflora, K. rotunda rhizomes, and T. flagelliforme had secretory structures in the form of idioblast cells. Idioblast cell of A. muricata leaves contained in the palisade, whereas the idioblast cells in the I. longiflora leaves contained in the sponges. The idioblast cells in T. flagelliforme were distributed in sponges and tuber parenchyme. The idioblast cells in K. rotunda rhizomes were distributed at the cortex and pith. The leaves and stems of P. angulata plants have secretory structures such as glandular trichomes consisting of head cells and stalk cells. The glandular trichomes were found on the epidermis. The leaves of G. pseudochina have secretory structures in the form of asteraceae type glandular trichomes in the epidermis of leaves and idioblast cells containing the oil cells in the sponges. All secretory structures were found randomly distributed.