Optimization of Extraction Condition the leaves of Dandang Gendis with Extraction Time, Ratio of Sample-Solvent, and Solvent Type

Abstract

This study was started with soxhlet extraction of the dried leaves of dandang gendis with n-hexane and then maceration of the residue. Optimization on the maceration process was carried out by varying the maceration time, ratio of sample-solvent, and solvent to obtain the lowest LC50 value. The dried leaves sample used here has 9.75% moisture content. The extraction yields obtained were varying from 13 to 18% and the brine shrimp lethality test showed that the LC50 values of the extracts were 275 to 650 mg/L. The response surface method was used to see the treatment effect to the response (e.g. LC50). The method was calculated using Minitab 15 and SAS 9.1 softwares. From these calculations, the optimum condition for the leaves of dandang gendis extraction was achieved by using 20% ethanol as solvent, 1:3 samples to solvent ratio, and 6 hours of maceration. The LC50 value of the optimum extracting condition was 240.66 mg/L. The phytochemical assay results showed that the most active the leaves of dandang gendis extract contained saponins, flavonoids, and alkaloids.