Development of pineapple seed propagation in vivo through aplication of auxin dan cytokinin

Abstract

Pineapple plantation needs 40.000-60.000 seedlings per hectare, so it is important to have simple, efficient and effective propagation technology. The objectives of this research are to study the effect of IBA and BA to improve the success of seed production by in vivo. The study was conducted in three experiments. The first and the second experiment were to study the effect of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) at 0, 25, 50 ppm and Benzyl Adenine (BA) at 0,25,50 and 75 ppm on the successful of basal leaf cuttings from stem and crown of pineapple GP-1 (Ananas comosus L. Merr). The third experiment was to determine the effect of sytokinin on the different size of buds generated from crown leaf cuttings. The result showed that leaf cutting from stem potential used as an alternative materials for seed propagation of pineapple. Increased of auxin concentration up to 50 ppm on leaf cuttings of stem inhibit shoot height. Contrarily, cytokinin treatment up to 50 ppm increased the height of shoots. Application of auxin up to 50 ppm on leaf cuttings of crown increase the percentage of rooted cuttings and percentage of budding per shoots (2-3 shoot per cutting), but application of cytokines up to75 ppm suppress seedling height, width leave and reduce the emergence rate of shoots at 50 ppm. Application of cytokinin (BA) 25 ppm and 50 ppm increased the percentage of sprouted cuttings and number of nodules on small buds and medium buds. Percentage sprouted cutting on small buds higher than medium and bigger buds. Using economic analysis, it is showed that IBA 50 ppm application on crown leaf cuttings is the most optimum materials used for seed propagation by in vivo.The success of seed multiplication in vivo through cuttings leave from the crown better than cuttings from leave stem.