Ketahanan Oriented Strand Board Bambu terhadap Serangan Rayap dan Kumbang

Abstract

INTRODUCTION. Bamboo is very promising to be used as OSB raw materials due to its excellent physical and mechanical properties. Unfortunately, naturally bamboo is also very susceptible to termite and beetles attack. In order to complete the information regarding the feasibility of using bamboo OSB for building component, the research associate with the resistance of OSB made from mixing bamboo against termite and powder post beetle attacked were observed. MATERIALS AND METHOD. Three layered OSBs were produced with the size of 30 cm x 30 cm x 1.0 cm. Three (3) bamboo species were used in this experiment ie., Betung bamboo (Dendr ocalamus asper Schult.F) Backer ex. Heyne), Andong bamboo (Gigantochloa verticillata (Willd.) Munro), and Ampel bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris Schrad. Ex Wendl.). Nine (9) c ombination of bamboo OSBs were prepared from these bamboos, namely 1) Betung/Betung/Betung; 2) Betung/Andong/Betung; 3) Betung/Ampel/Betung; 4) Andong/Andong/Andong; 5) Andong/Betung/Andong; 6) Andong/Ampel/Andong; 7) Ampel/Ampel/Ampel; 8) Ampel/Betung/Ampel; and 9) Ampel/Andong/Ampel. The density of OSB was around 0.7 g/cm3. Commercial MDI adhesive was used to bond the strands to OSB in amount of 5%. Four OSBs were prepared for each treatment. The resistances of bamboo OSBs against subterranean and dry wood termites were evaluated in accordance to Indonesia standard (SNI 01. 7207-2006). Meanwhile, the resistance of bamboo OSBs against powder post beetles was evaluated using semi-field test. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. The results indicated that the resistance of bamboo OSBs against subterranean termite (Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren) increased 2 times compared to the solid bamboo. All the bamboo solid used belongs to “poor” (level 4) and after converted into OSBs the resistance of bamboo OSBs increased to become “resistance” (level 2). Conversely, the resistance of bamboo OSBs against dry wood termite (Cryptotermes cynocephalus Light) attacked decreased 2 times compared to the solid bamboo. All the bamboo solid used belongs to “very resistance” (level 1) and after converted into OSBs the resistance of bamboo OSBs lowered to become “moderately resistance” (level 3). Based on the values of weight loss obtained, whether OSBs prepared from single species bamboo or mixing bamboos had similar resistance to C. curvignathus and C. cynocephalus attacked. It was observed that the species of powder post beetle attacked the bamboo OSBs was Anobium sp. The resistance of solid bamboo against Anobium sp was varied. The average weight loss of Betung bamboo, Andong bamboo and Ampel bamboo were 3.19%, 17.39% and 25.36%, respectively. The average weight losses of bamboo OSBs prepared in this experiment were in the range of 2.85- 3.87%. Andong bamboo and Ampel bamboo belong to very susceptible to Anobium sp attacked. After converted into bamboo OSBs their resistances were increased around 5 times. Whether OSBs prepared from single species bamboo or mixing bamboos had similar resistance to Anobium sp.