Identifikasi Bakteri Asal Saluran Pernafasan Atas (Blowhole) Lumba-lumba Hidung Botol Indo-Pasifik (Tursiops aduncus) di Kawasan Konservasi Pantai Cahaya Kendal Jawa Tengah

Abstract

Recently years, dolphin conservations more active to do in Indonesia. The population of dolphin has declined because of illegal hunting. The concerned problems of dolphin conservations are health management which related with infectious diseases. The knowledge of microorganisms associated with dolphin is still limited, particularly which is bacteria in upper respiratory tract. The aim of this research was to identify the type of bacteria in upper respiratory tract of indo-pacific bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops aduncus). Swab sampling from the upper respiratory tract (blowhole) of 11 dolphins was cultured in selective media. This research found 15 types of bacteria in the upper respiratory tract such as Actinobacillus sp., Pseudomonas sp., Moraxella sp., Bacillus sp., Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Proteus sp., Citrobacter sp., Salmonella sp., Serratia sp., Klebsiella sp., Pasteurella sp., Edwardsiella tarda, Alcaligenes faecalis, and Yersinia sp. The frequent bacteria that found in dolphin upper respiratory tract are Actinobacillus sp., Pseudomonas sp., Moraxella sp., and Bacillus sp. Some bacterias, such as Pseudomonas sp., Staphylococcus aureus., Staphylococcus epidermidis, Salmonellasp., Klebsiella sp., Proteus sp., Pasteurella sp., and Edwardsiella tarda are potentially patogen for dolphins.