Keragaman dan Korelasi Antara Peubah Pertumbuhan dan Produksi pada Delapan Varietas Kacang Tanah (Arachis hypogaea L.).

Abstract

The objective of this research was to identify growth characteristic that affect the pods filling and production of eight varieties of groundnut. This research was conducted at the Lewikopo Experimental Farm, Darmaga, Bogor from February to July 2010 on Latosol soil. The varieties of groundnut in this experiment were Badak, Garuda3, Jerapah, Kancil, Mahesa, Singa, Tapir, and Trenggiling. Data analysis used the F test and if there was significant difference then followed by Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Correlation analysis between growth and production variables. The results showed that Mahesa variety had a good canopy during the growth but the number of pods and pods per plant dry weight were significantly lower that influenced low productivity. Garuda3 variety had a good canopy until pods formation phase. The number of pods per plant was significantly lower but good in pods filling and had a high percentage of full pods. Singa variety had a lush canopy during the growth but the pods dry weight was low because had a lot of the number of gynophorum and percentage cipo pods was high. Kancil variety had not noticeable growth of leaves, branches, and pods during growth. Productivity of pods and seeds were high, supported by the average number of full pods high so the percentage of full pods also high due to the long time of pods filling. Badak variety had a lush canopy during the growth and the number of pods and half full pods were significantly and the average number of full pods and cipo pods were high. Jerapah variety had not noticeable growth of leaves, branches, gynophorums, and pods during the growth and maximum growth rate at early flowering time until the pods formation phase. Jerapah variety less in shaping of pods and the number of pods and half full pods were significantly lower and the average number of pods cipo was lower. The canopy of Tapir variety increased during the growth and well in pods filling and had a high percentage of full pods. Trenggiling variety had the number of pods and half full pods were significantly lower but could produced high productivity of pods and seeds. Correlations between growth and production variables showed that the percentage of full pods affected by the gynophorum dry weight at pods formation phase and pods dry weight at toward harvest. Percentage of cipo pods affected by gynophorum dry weight and pods dry weight at toward harvest. Harvest index affected by the ILD during growth and CGR at towad harvest. Pods productivity affected by harvest index and seeds productivity affected by the percentage of full pods.