Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/59061
Title: Rancang bangun model prediksi keberlanjutan agroindustri perikanan tangkap
A design of sustainable predictive model for capture fishery agroindustry
Authors: Machfud
Marimin
Hermawan, Aji
Purnomo, Bambang Herry
Keywords: capture fishery agroindustry
chirimen agroindustry
predictive model
sustainability
dynamic system modeling
multidimensional scaling (MDS)
simple additive weighting method (SAWM)
policy
Issue Date: 2012
Publisher: IPB (Bogor Agricultural University)
Abstract: The capture fishery agroindustry has been facing serious problems on various dimensions. Those problems threat its sustainability in the future. Chirimen agroindustry was one of capture fishery agroindustries that have problems threaten their sustainability. The purpose of this study was to design a predictive model of chirimen agroindustry sustainability using dynamic system modeling and developed policies to improve their sustainability. This model was composed of six sub models, namely sub-models of resource, economic, social, technology and environmental. Those sub models were used to predict values of sustainability indicators on each dimension. The last sub model was aggregation that used to build an index of sustainability. Techniques used to aggregate the value of sustainability indicators consist of two types, namely MDS (multidimensional scaling) and SAWM (simple additive weighting method). The determination of sustainability indicators based on field surveys and in-depth interviews with expert respondents through brainstorming and expert meetings and supported by the results of an in-depth literature review. The results obtained 21 types of indicators were divided into 5 dimensions, i.e dimension of resources (4), the economic dimension (6), the environmental dimension (3), the technological dimension (3) and the social dimension (5). The dimensions of the resource had the greatest weight compared to other dimensions, namely 34.65%, followed by economics (27.58%), social (19.30%), technology (11.77%) and environment (6.71%). Based on the MDS technique, multidimensional sustainability index in 2016 was 22.78 (not sustainable), whereas the SAWM method was 48.39 (also not sustainable). This situation indicated that chirimen agroindustry need policy to improve their sustainability. The best policy scenario that could improve their sustainability was synergetic policy that involved government and agroindustry. Government should regulate fishing effort, provide tax incentives and fuel subsidies to fishermen, while agroindustry establish some policies i.e. 1) reduce production cost; 2) increase product differentiation; 3) improve human resource; and 4) increase volume of the semi finished good; 5) increase product price; 6) increase employee salaries; and 7) improve the efficiency of processing water usage. The implementation of this policy could increase the value of 18 sustainability indicators. By using the MDS method, the application scenarios could increase the sustainability of a multidimensional index from 22.78 (not sustainable) to 62.98 (enough sustainable), whereas the SAWM method from 48.39 (not sustainable) to 81.96 (enough sustainable).
Potensi keunggulan komparatif sumber daya perikanan Indonesia sudah selayaknya diikuti dengan upaya pengembangan agroindustri perikanan tangkap secara berkelanjutan untuk meningkatkan keunggulan kompetitif sektor perikanan. Upaya tersebut diharapkan dapat mempercepat terwujudnya 3 pilar tujuan pembangunan ekonomi, yaitu pro-growth strategy (mewujudkan pertumbuhan ekonomi), pro-job strategy (penyerapan tenaga kerja) dan pro-poor strategy (pengentasan kemiskinan). Realisasi pencapaian tujuan tersebut ternyata masih sulit diwujudkan karena agroindustri perikanan tangkap skala kecil dan menengah masih mempunyai sejumlah permasalahan yang mengancam potensi keberlanjutannya pada masa mendatang antara lain, lemahnya daya saing, penguasaan teknologi, mutu produk, modal dan ketrampilan sumber daya manusia yang relatif masih rendah. Ancaman terhadap keberlanjutannya semakin serius karena pemanfaatan sumber daya perikanan tangkap bersifat terbuka sehingga mudah terdegradasi dari segi jumlah (stok) dan mengalami over fishing. Situasi tersebut menggambarkan bahwa keberlanjutan agroindustri perikanan tangkap merupakan sistem yang kompleks sehingga penilaiannya bukanlah hal yang sederhana dan mudah karena mencakup berbagai aspek yang sifatnya saling terkait dan dinamis. Hal ini memperkuat bahwa model prediksi keberlanjutan sangat dibutuhkan untuk mengetahui bagaimana keberlanjutan agroindustri perikanan tangkap pada masa mendatang sehingga langkah-langkah kebijakan peningkatan keberlanjutannya dapat diformulasikan secara tepat. Salah satu agroindustri perikanan tangkap yang menghadapi ancaman keberlanjutan adalah agroindustri teri nasi. Agroindustri teri nasi merupakan salah satu agroindustri perikanan tangkap yang pernah menjadi primadona di Indonesia. Hal ini ditandai dengan nilai ekspor produk teri nasi kering (chirimen) ke sejumlah negara, terutama Jepang, yang relatif tinggi. Akan tetapi volume ekspor dalam sepuluh tahun terakhir terus mengalami penurunan akibat keterbatasan bahan baku. Agroindustri teri nasi juga menghadapi persoalan lainnya diantaranya adalah kontinuitas bahan baku, mutu bahan baku, teknologi pengolahan, inovasi produk dan jaringan kerja dengan pelaku lainnya (partnership). Kondisi tersebut menunjukkan bahwa agroindustri teri nasi mempunyai permasalahan yang cukup kompleks sehingga berpotensi mengancam keberlanjutannya pada masa mendatang.
URI: http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/59061
Appears in Collections:DT - Agriculture Technology

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