Analysis of Empowerment Fisherman Community in Tobelo, North Halmahera Regency, North Maluku Province

Abstract

The objectives this research were : (1) to assess the implication PEMP program on the performance of technology, social, economic and institutional development of coastal communities, (2) to determine the improvement strategy of empowerment of coastal communities in research sites, (3) to provide improvement strategy for coastal communities in research sites. Research was using survey method, with research subjects were 30 samples of coastal communities in Tobelo, five samples LEPP-M3 and five samples of Marine and Fishery Department of North Halmahera Regency. Result of this research showed that, implementation PEMP program has triggered changes in social-cultural, technological, economic and institutional development of coastal communities in North Halmahera Regency. Results of internal and external evaluation showed that: (1) their strengths were: availability labor, productive age, adecuate level of education dan strongh motivation; (2) their opportunities were: potential of fish resources, employment opportunities in the field of fisheries, cooperatives LEPP-M3 and local government support; (3) their weakness were: lack of technological, lack of capital, limited market access, and limited support facilities fishing effort; dan (4) their theats were: low fish prices, high fuel prices, bed weather or season causing them doesn’t operating; dan Illegal fishing. Priority alternative of empowerment for coastal community in North Halmahera Regency were: (1) development of capital access; (2) development of technology and scale fisheries; (3) development of market access; (4) capacity development of coastal community Institutional; (6) community base management of fisheries; (6) development of support facilities fishing effort; and development of fishes processing diversification.

Kabupaten Halmahera Utara merupakan kabupaten kepulauan yang kaya akan sumberdaya perikanan dan kelautan. Sebagian besar penduduknya bermukim di wilayah pesisir dan kehidupannya tergantung dari sumberdaya perikanan. Realitanya, sebagian besar masyarakat pesisir masih hidup dibawah garis kemiskinan. Untuk mengentaskan kemiskinan masyarakat pesisir, pemerintah telah melakukan berbagai program pemberdayaan masyarakat. Salah satunya adalah program Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Masyarakat Pesisir (PEMP) yang dikembangkan secara nasional. Program PEMP bertujuan meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat pesisir melalui pendekatan ekonomi dan kelembagaan sosial. Program ini telah dimplementasikan di Kabupaten Halmahera Utara pada tahun 2004, 2006 hingga 2008. Setelah program ini berjalan beberapa tahun, tentunya perlu dievaluasi sejauhmana program ini dapat menjawab permasalahan masyarakat pesisir. Atas pemikirin tersebut, sangat menarik untuk mengkaji dampak program PEMP terhadap kesejahteraan masyarakat pesisir di Kabupaten Halmahera Utara. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (1) menilai implikasi program PEMP terhadap keragaan sosial, ekonomi, teknologi dan kelembagaan masyarakat nelayan di lokasi penelitian; (2) merumuskan strategi perbaikan pemberdayaan masyarakat nelayan di lokasi penelitian; (3) menentukan prioritas strategi pemberdayaan masyarakat nelayan di lokasi penelitian.