Karakteristik marka genetik daerah cytochrome B sebagai acuan konservasi genetik harimau sumatera

Abstract

The number of Sumatran tiger (Panthera tigris sumatrae) now has been decreasing and threatened for extinction. Therefore, the conservation effort must be done, including genetic conservation. Cytochrome b (Cyt. b) at Deoxyribonucleic Acid mitochandrial (mtDNA) have been used a lot to learn genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship. The aims of this research are (1) to analyze genetic diversity based on genetic marker with partial Cyt.b region from sumatran tiger; (2) to determine Sumatran tiger phylogeny among tigers subspecies in the world. Amplification with Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method in partial Cyt. b used primer UF-06 and UF-07 (675 base pair). Next, all PCR products are sequenced. The data are analyzed by Molecular Evolution Genetics Analysis (MEGA) software version 4.0. using multiple alignment with other tigers sequence from NCBI GenBank. Phylogeny reconstruction analyzed by Neigbor-Joining method with 1000 bootstrapped. Based on partial Cyt. b genetic marker, the results are (1), there are two specific nucleotide sites on Sumatran tiger (sites 118 (Guanin) and 369 (Adenin)); (2) the phylogeny of Sumatran tiger is compared to other tiger subspecies in the world. The sumatran tiger has the closest relation with the indian tiger and the farthest relation with the South Chinese tiger. From this research, Cyt.b genetic marker suitable for Sumatran tiger genetic concervation reference to differentiate among subspecies of tiger.