Gap Analysis in Javan Hawk-Eagle [Spizaetus bartelsi] Conservation

Abstract

This approach is quite different from existing conservation actions, which are site based and fragmented. Research was conducted since December 2009 until February 2010 in GGPNP, Telaga Warna NR and its surrounding forested areas. Aims of this study are: 1) To identify stakeholder related to Javan Hawk-eagle conservation, 2) To identify regulation related to Javan Hawk-eagle conservation, 3) To know the stakeholder performance related to Javan Hawk-eagle conservation, 4) To know the gaps in Javan Hawk-eagle conservation (gap normative performance and implemented performance, gap between group of stakeholder within protected area and outside area, also gap performance among stakeholder within protected area, 5) To identify factors caused gap. Primary data were collected using indepth interview and field observation. Stakeholders were identified through snowball method. Secondary data collected through reference study. Analysis conducted by spatial analysis, stakeholder identification and analysis, content analysis and gap analysis. Research results recognized two conservation management approaches: 1) species level, and 2) habitat level. These approaches will effectively conserve the existing fragmented and less protected forest blocks as well as boost the participation and synergism of many stakeholders. Further, by using this approach, a gap in conservation management among local conservation agencies will also be discussed for the benefit of the hawk-eagle’s conservation in particular and for biodiversity in general.

Elang Jawa merupakan salah satu jenis burung pemangsa yang lebih cenderung menggunakan hutan primer sebagai wilayah jelajah dan tempat bersarangnya, namun demikian terkadang wilayah hutan sekunder dan kawasan perkebunan digunakan pula sebagai wilayah mencari pakan (Thiollay dan Meyburg 1998; Kuswandono et al. 2003b; Nijman dan van Balen 2003; Prawiradilaga et al. 2003). Informasi mengenai populasi dan penyebaran elang Jawa sangat sedikit pada masa sebelum tahun 1980 karena penelitian belum dilakukan dengan intensif. Sejak tahun 1990, data dan informasi mulai terkumpul dengang tambahan data yang baru (Dephut 2007). Berdasarkan informasi tersebut, diketahui bahwa resiko kepunahan elang Jawa semakin besar antara lain akibat: berkurangnya luasan habitat akibat perubahan peruntukkan (Dephut 2007), maraknya perburuan dan perdagangan ilegal elang Jawa (Sözer et al. 1998).; Prawiradilaga 1999). Populasi elang Jawa yang paling banyak ada di wilayah Jawa Barat (Dephut 2007). Wilayah TN Gunung Halimun Salak merukapan salah satu kawasan berhutan terluas di pulau Jawa (Whitten et al. 1996), sehingga diduga memiliki populasi terbesar jenis ini. Kelompok hutan TNGGP, CA Telaga Warna dan sekitarnya (Bopunjur) juga merupakan habitat yang penting bagi elang Jawa (Dephut 2007). Kawasan tersebut digunakan sebagai wilayah jelajah dan tempat bersarang sejumlah pasangan elang Jawa (Suparman 2005).