Metode Penularan dan Uji Ketahanan Genotipe Cabai (Capsicum spp.) terhadap Begomovirus

Abstract

Begomovirus infection has been reported from various important crops, including pepper. Symptoms and yield loss caused by begomovirus infection are affected by several factors, among others are plant varieties, viral strains and time of infection. The use of resistance pepper cultivars is considered as the most effective way to control this disease. Experiments were conducted to determine the best inoculation method to evaluate response of pepper genotypes to infection of begomovirus. Two inoculation methods were evaluated i.e individual inoculation and mass inoculation. Evaluation of inoculation methods involved 13 genotypes. Once the best inoculation method was determined it was used for resistance evaluation of 27 genotypes. Based on transmission efficiency, it was concluded that individual inoculation method was the most effective methods of inoculation. It resulted in the highest disease severity as indicated by the highest disease incidence and score. Infection of begomovirus by insect vector Bemisia tabaci, may cause different symptoms from (1) yellowing, (2) yellowing and leaf curling (3) yellowing, leaf cupping with leaf curling, upward or downward, (4) yellowing leaf cupping with leaf curling, upward and downward (5) yellowing, leaf curling, stunting. None of tested genotypes showed immune to begomovirus. Disease severity of the tested genotypes ranged from 2.40% to100%, and they were grouped into resistance (1 genotype), moderate resistance (4 genotypes), moderate susceptible (4 genotypes), susceptible (8 genotypes) and highly susceptible (10 genotypes).