Keragaman Gen Miostatin (GDF-8) pada Sapi Madura

Abstract

Madura cattle is one of Indonesian local cows that have an ability to adapt the tropical climate in Madura island and produce good quality meats and skins. Development and differentiation of muscle mass are controlled by myostatin gene or growth differentiation factor-8 (GDF-8). This research aimed to estimate the diversity of myostatin gene (exon 2 and exon 3) in madura cattle and compared it with myostatin gene from other Bos genus. The identification of myostatin gene diversity was performed on 21 DNA samples from madura cattle and nucleotides sequencing was conducted on the amplicon using DNA pooling sample methods. The six variants of the exon 2 were C1G (Leu), C41T (Ala), G239A (Arg), G266A (Arg), A268G (Thr), and A331G (Met), whereas on exon 3 was G75A, G77A, T261C, C273T, A330C (Ile), and T336C (Thr). The variance analysis showed that there were four variants of exon 3 that only found in a madura cattle, one variant has missense characteristic, that is G77A (His -- Arg), and the three other variants have nonsense characteristic, that are G75A (Glu), T261C (Ala), and C273T (Cys). The six variants of exon 2 and two variants of exon 3 had a nitrogen base similarity with the other Bos genus, that are C1G (48%), C41T (64%), G239A (88%), G266A (92%), A268G (96%), A331G (92%), A330C (72,7%), and T336C (36,4%). The variants found in madura cattle are different from variants that showed the double muscling phenomena.