Phenology and Stimulation of Pruatjan’s Seed Germination (Pimpinella pruatjan Molk.).

Abstract

The an experiment was conducted at Gunung Putri Eksperimental Station and Plant Physiology Laboratory of Indonesian Medicinal and Aromatic Crops Research Institute (IMACRI), from November 2008 to December 2009. The aim of experiment was to determine the optimum germination temperature and media for seed viability testing of Pimpinella pruatjan, to determine of Pimpinella pruatjan physiological seed maturity and to study its morphological structures. and to find out the best stimulation of seed germination for increasing seed viability and vigour of Pimpinella pruatjan. Three series of experiments were conducted to find, 1) The optimal temperature and media to germinate seed of P. pruatjan, 2) Phenologycal study of P. pruatjan’s seed, and 3) The Effect of stimulation treatments on the seed viability and vigour of P. pruatjan. Results of the experiment showed that: (1) The stencil paper (CD) was the best germination medium on seed viability and vigor of P. pruatjan testing, based on seed germination percentace, vigour index, and germination speed on temperature 18-20 °C. The stencil paper (CD) was the best germination medium on seed viability and vigour of P. pruatjan testing, based on seed germination percentace, vigour index, and germination speed on temperature 23-25 °C. Germination temperature 23-25 °C was the optimum temperature on seed viability and vigour testing of P.pruatjan, based on seed germination percentace, and germination speed, (2) The physiological seed maturity on the first and third umbell of P. Pruatjan was achieved at 7 weeks after anthesis, and physiological seed maturity on the second umbell was achieved at 8 weeks after anthesis. Seed dry weight on the physiological seed maturity on the first, second and third umbells were 166,87; 158,20, and 141,35 mg/100 pericarp, respectively. Germination percentage and germination speed on the first, second and third umbells were 5,75 % and 0,22 %/etmal; 22,75 % and 0,94 %/etmal; 10,50 % and 0,38 %/etmal, respectively, and (3) seed incubation in 50 oC for 48 hours as stimulation treatments increased seed viability and vigour of P. pruatjan. Maximum growth potencial increased from 17,5 to 51,5 %, germination percentage increased from 8,5 to 51,5 %, dry weight of normal seedling increased from 3,359 to 23,977 mg, vigour index increased from 1,4 to 2,6 %, and germination speed increased from 0,28 to 1,74 %/etmal.

Purwoceng merupakan komoditas yang mempunyai nilai ekonomi tinggi dan banyak dicari oleh industri-industri jamu. Tanaman purwoceng berkhasiat sebagai obat afrodisiak (meningkatkan gairah seksual pria), diuretik (melancarkan saluran air seni), dan tonik (meningkatkan stamina tubuh). Berdasarkan uji praklinik, ekstrak akar purwoceng mempunyai aktivitas androgenik dan estrogenik. Permasalahan dalam pengembangan tanaman ini antara lain adalah rendahnya viabilitas benih (<25 %).