Dynamic Analysis of Rural Development in Bogor Regency

Abstract

Success of rural development requires a multifaceted and comprehensive approach to the unique characteristics of rural area that are different from each other. This research is aimed to analyze the dynamics of rural development in Bogor Regency, linkage between productivity and classification of rural, and conformity between development program with the characteristics of the rural (local specific). The advantage of this research are describing the figure of characteristic and productivity of rural in Bogor Regency as well as a source of reference and direction in formulating rural development policies in Bogor Regency. The methods used in this research is Boolean logic rules in analyzing rural typology, ordinal scale scoring system refer to Permendagri No.12 in 2007 in deciding classifications and categories, and Malmquist Index in measuring rural productivity. The dynamics of rural development in Bogor Regency from 2003 to 2011 has shown a very rapid progress due to the decreasing number of Swadaya villages and increasing number of Swakarya villages with some difficulties to become Swasembada villages. The result of productivity analysis of villages in Bogor Regency in 2003-2011 show Malmquist Index average for Swasembada village is 1,55 , Swakarya village is 1,45 and Swadaya Village is 1,15. The third classification village has growth in productivity. This dynamic is followed by a massive shift from typology of rice to typology of industrial / service within the last ten years indicating a very high the conversion of agricultural land and the decreasing agricultural potential that lead to lack of self-sufficiency and food security. The determinant problems of the Swadaya Villages is in Mula category (basic needs), Swakarya Villages is in Madya category (institutional), while Swasembada villages only in Madya category and Lanjut category (governance) since they do not have Mula category. There are spatial, program and typology biases in the implementation of national programs such as rural PNPM, regional programs and local programs that are more focused to Swakarya villages, compared to Swadaya villages and lack of typological consideration.